施用生物炭对葡萄园土壤理化性质和细菌群落结构的影响  

Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Community Structure in Vineyard

作　　者：郑兰香 常洁 王芳[3] ZHENG Lan-xiang;CHANG Jie;WANG Fang(Schl.of Ecol.&Environ't,Ningxia Uni.,Yinchuan 750021;China Wine Indust.Tech.Inst.,Yinchuan 750021;Schl.of Geograph.Sci.&Plann.,Ningxia Uni.,Yinchuan 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生态环境学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]中国葡萄酒产业技术研究院,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学地理科学与规划学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2024年第3期24-31,共8页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2019YFD1002500);宁夏科技厅重点研发项目(2019BBF02024)。

摘　　要：生物炭作为土壤调理剂在农业生产和环境修复中备受关注。本研究对宁夏贺兰山东麓的葡萄园施用不同量的生物炭对其土壤理化性质和细菌群落结构的影响进行了试验。设置0、5、10和15 t/hm^(2)四种不同生物炭施用量的田间处理,施用6个月后测定表层0~20 cm土壤的理化性质,并通过高通量测序技术分析土壤微生物的群落组成。结果显示,施用生物炭后土壤中有机碳、全氮、全磷含量和pH均有不同程度地提高。施加生物炭可以增加土壤细菌的丰富度和多样性。不同生物炭施用量下的优势菌门为放线菌门(Actinobacteria,36.66%~37.64%)、变形菌门(Protebacteria,18.74%~22.42%)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi,9.72%~15.03%)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria,5.14%~8.94%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,3.7%~6.7%)。优势菌纲为放线菌纲(Actinobacteria,23.09%~28.88%)、α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria,13.41%~14.4%)。土壤pH(P=0.229)和有机碳(P=0.237)是对细菌群落影响最大的环境因子。As a soil conditioner,biochar has attracted much attention in agricultural production and environmental remediation.To study the effect of biochar application on physicochemical properties and bacterial community structure of vineyard soil,biochar application experiments in vineyard at eastern foot of Mt.Helan in Ningxia were carried out.Field treatments of four different biochar application amounts of 0,5,10 and 15 t/hm^(2) were set up,the physicochemical properties of soil at 0-20 cm of the surface were determined 6 months after,and the community composition of soil bacterial was analyzed through high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the application of biochar can increase soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and pH.Application of biochar also increases the richness and diversity of soil microorganisms.The dominant phyla under different biochar application levels are Actinobacteria(36.66%-37.64%),Protebacteria(18.74%-22.42%)and Chloroflexi(9.72%-15.03%),Acidobacteria(5.14%-8.94%)and Firmicutes(3.7%-6.7%).The dominant class are Actinobacteria(23.09%-28.88%)and Alphaproteobacteria(13.41%-14.4%).pH(P=0.229)and organic carbon(P=0.237)are the two greatest environmental factors that impact on soil microbial communities.

关 键 词：生物炭 葡萄园 土壤理化性质 细菌群落结构 高通量测序 

分 类 号：Q936.96[生物学—微生物学]