机构地区:[1]云南农业大学农业生物多样性与病害控制教育部重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201 [3]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,昆明650205
出 处:《西北植物学报》2024年第7期1028-1036,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(81360611)。
摘 要:【目的】明确病毒侵染对滇黄精生长发育、根茎产量及品质的影响,为深入研究病毒的致病机理提供依据。【方法】以云南省滇黄精主产区曲靖和玉溪种植的4年生滇黄精田间抗病和感病植株为研究对象,比较病毒侵染后滇黄精叶绿体超微结构、叶片光合气体交换参数、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物氧化酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)以及块茎生物学性状和药用有效化学成分含量的变化。【结果】(1)滇黄精遭受病毒侵染后,叶片细胞质中散布线状病毒粒子及其聚集形成的大量内含体,细胞内叶绿体结构严重受损,部分已发生解体;(2)感病滇黄精叶绿素发生降解,叶绿素a和b的含量分别极显著降低了22.97%和35.38%,其叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度分别降低了49.75%、11.25%和5.79%,光合作用效率明显减弱;(3)感病滇黄精叶片细胞膜发生强烈的脂膜过氧化反应,MDA含量升高了117.17%,SOD、POD、PPO、PAL活性极显著升高,其中PPO活性平均升高了61.81%;(4)感病滇黄精地下根茎的膨大和嫩芽的生长受阻,单株鲜质量降低了49.47%,根茎中多糖的相对含量减少了6.97%,皂苷、黄酮、总酚含量分别减少了23.31%、15.32%、11.07%。【结论】滇黄精遭受病毒侵染后,抗氧化酶防御反应虽然被激活,但细胞膜仍严重受损,光合作用明显减弱,最终导致根茎产量和药用品质显著降低。[Objective]The study aims to clarify the influence of virus infection on the growth and rhizome yield and quality of Polygonatum kingianum,as well as provide basis for further study on the pathogenic mechanism of virus.[Methods]The 4-year-old disease-resistant and naturally infected plants planted in Qujing and Yuxi,the main producing areas of P.kingianum,were taken as the research objects.We determined the changes of chloroplast ultrastructure,photosynthetic gas exchange parameter,total chlorophyll content,superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL),biological characteristics of tuber,and content of medicinal effective chemical components after virus infection.[Results](1)After P.kingianum was infected by virus,linear virus particles and a large number of inclusions were scattered in the cytoplasm of leaves,and the chloroplast structure was seriously damaged,some were disintegrated.(2)The chlorophyll of susceptible P.kingianum was degraded,and the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were reduced by 22.97%and 35.38%,respectively.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and intercellular CO_(2) concentration of leaves were reduced by 49.75%,11.25%,and 5.79%,respectively,and the photosynthetic efficiency was weakened.(3)There was a strong lipid peroxidation reaction in the leaf cell membrane of susceptible P.kingianum,and the content of MDA was increased by 117.17%.Meanwhile,the activities of defense enzymes,including SOD,POD,PPO,and PAL,were increased,in which PPO was increased by 61.81%on average.(4)The swelling and bud growth of infected rhizome were inhibited,and the fresh mass per plant was decreased by 49.47%.The relative content of polysaccharides in rhizome was decreased by 6.97%,while the contents of saponin,flavonoid and total phenol were decreased by 23.31%,15.32%,and 11.07%,respectively.[Conclusion]After virus infection,cell membranes are damaged and photosynthesis is undermined,which led to a decrease in rhizome yield and medicinal
关 键 词:滇黄精 病毒病害 生理生化特性 根茎产量 药用品质
分 类 号:Q945.78[生物学—植物学] S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学] S567.239[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]
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