新生儿低出生体重的影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of neonatal low birth weight

作　　者：王亚平 王燕侠[2] 蒋成鹏[2] 刘东海 WANG Ya-ping;WANG Yan-xia;JIANG Cheng-peng(Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃中医药大学,730000 [2]甘肃省妇幼保健院(甘肃省中心医院),730050

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2024年第13期52-55,共4页China Practical Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省科技技术项目(项目编号:20JR10RA427)。

摘　　要：目的分析新生儿低出生体重的影响因素,为预防和干预提供科学依据。方法选取434例低出生体重新生儿作为低出生体重组,另选择841例正常出生体重的健康新生儿作为对照组。收集两组新生儿及孕产妇的一般资料、孕期血脂指标,采用单因素及Logistic多因素回归分析新生儿低出生体重的影响因素。结果低出生体重组的新生儿胎龄(34.79±2.06)周小于对照组的(37.09±2.59)周,剖宫产分娩占比62.7%、试管婴儿占比15.9%高于对照组的49.6%、10.0%,孕产妇体质量指数(BMI)(21.78±3.40)kg/m^(2)及孕期甘油三酯(TG)(2.62±1.27)mmol/L、总胆固醇(TC)(4.99±1.20)mmol/L均高于对照组的(21.32±3.23)kg/m^(2)、(2.35±1.23)mmol/L、(4.74±1.15)mmol/L(P<0.05);两组新生儿性别、民族及孕产妇年龄、HDL-C、LDL-C比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示:胎龄、剖宫产分娩、试管婴儿及孕产妇BMI、孕期血脂(TG、TC)是导致新生儿低出生体重的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论胎龄、剖宫产分娩、试管婴儿、孕产妇BMI、孕期血脂(TG、TC)是影响新生儿低出生体重的重要因素,因此临床应重视孕妇的孕期管理,以便及时识别和干预可能影响新生儿低出生体重的因素,保障母婴健康。Objective To analyze the influencing factors of low birth weight in newborns,so as to provide scientific basis for its prevention and intervention.Methods 434 low birth weight newborns were selected as the low birth weight group,and another 841 healthy newborns with normal birth weight were randomly selected as the control group.The general information of newborns and mothers,and lipid indexes during pregnancy were collected from both groups.Single factor and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of low birth weight in newborns.Results The gestational age of newborns in the low birth weight group was(34.79±2.06)weeks,which was less than(37.09±2.59)weeks in the control group;the proportion of cesarean delivery and in vitro fertilization in the low birth weight group were 62.7%and 15.9%,which were higher than 49.6%and 10.0%in the control group;in low birth weight group,the maternal body mass index(BMI)was(21.78±3.40)kg/m^(2),the triglyceride(TG)was(2.62±1.27)mmol/L,and the total cholesterol(TC)was(4.99±1.20)mmol/L during pregnancy,which were higher than(21.32±3.23)kg/m^(2),(2.35±1.23)mmol/L,and(4.74±1.15)mmol/L in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in neonatal sex,nationality,maternal age,HDL-C and LDL-C between the two groups(P>0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age,cesarean delivery,in vitro fertilization,maternal BMI,and gestational blood lipid(TG,TC)were the influential factors leading to low birth weight in newborns(P<0.05).Conclusion Fetal age,cesarean delivery,in vitro fertilization,maternal BMI,and gestational blood lipids(TG,TC)are the main factors affecting low birth weight in newborns.Therefore,clinical attention should be paid to the management of pregnant women during pregnancy,in order to timely identify and intervene in factors that may increase the risk of low birth weight in newborns,and ensure the health of mother and baby.

关 键 词：新生儿 低出生体重 影响因素 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]