设施土壤团聚体中细菌群落结构的分布  

Distribution characteristics of bacteria in soil aggregates of greenhouse soil

作　　者：李思人 高宇 杨雨萍 张卫东 贾月慧[1] 姚爱敏 周建 刘杰[1] LI Siren;GAO Yu;YANG Yuping;ZHANG Weidong;JIA Yuehui;YAO Aimin;ZHOU Jian;LIU Jie(Key Laboratory for Northern Urban Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Department of Resources and Environment,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Changping District Cultivated Iand Protection Station,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室/北京农学院资源与环境系,北京102206 [2]北京市昌平区耕地保护站,北京102200

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2024年第3期23-31,115,共10页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技计划一般项目(KM202210020009);北京农学院青年教师科研创新能力提升计划(QJKC2022013);农业农村部农田建设管理司技术服务项目(2024);2024学位与研究生教育改革与发展项目(5076516026/021)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明设施条件下土壤结构的变化及不同粒径团聚体中细菌群落结构特征。【方法】以华北平原典型土类—潮土在长期设施环境下形成的土壤作为研究对象,利用qPCR和高通量测序技术,研究团聚体的稳定性及不同粒径团聚体中细菌的丰度和群落组成。【结果】设施土壤>2 mm团聚体的占比显著高于露天土壤,设施土壤团聚体的平均质量直径、几何平均直径分别高出露天土壤44.5%和65.0%,而分形维数显著低于露天土壤。通过对细菌的16S rRNA基因扩增测序,设施土壤和露天土壤分别得到11513个和11037个OTUs,团聚体<0.25 mm中特有OTUs数目都是最多的,细菌的16S rRNA基因丰度在设施土壤各级团聚体间差异不大,但在露天土壤中2~0.5 mm团聚体最高,0.5~0.25 mm最低,二者相差5.21倍;设施土壤中细菌物种显著多于露天土壤,主成分分析表明,设施土壤和<0.5 mm团聚体中的细菌群落结构有别于露天土壤和其他粒径团聚体;设施和露天土壤共有的优势菌门是变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门,优势菌属为RB41、MND1和鞘氨醇单胞菌属,2种处理土壤各级团聚体中细菌在门水平和属水平上都有显著差异。【结论】设施环境有利于土壤中大团聚体的形成,并且提高了团聚体的稳定性和均匀度。冗余分析结果表明,土壤pH是设施和露天土壤细菌群落结构变化的关键因子,而各级团聚体中细菌群落结构变化的主要影响因子是可溶性有机碳含量。[Objective]The alteration of soil structure can lead to changes in the composition of soil bacterial communities.However,the impact of different particle sizes on bacterial community structures within soil aggregates under greenhouse soil remains unclear.[Methods]In this paper,the typical soil type of North China Plain under long-term greenhouse environment-tidal soil is taken as the research object,the stability of aggregates and the abundance and community composition of bacteria in aggregates of different particle sizes were studied by using qPCR and high-throughput sequencing techniques.[Results]The proportion of aggregates>2 mm in the greenhouse soil was significantly higher compared to that in the open soil.The mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter of the greenhouse soil aggregates were 44.5%and 65.0%higher,respectively,than those in the open soil,while the fractal dimension was significantly lower.Through amplification and sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA sequences,we obtained a total of 11513 OTUs in the greenhouse soil and 11037 OTUs in the open soil.Among these,the number of unique OTUs was highest among<0.25 mm aggregates.There was no significant difference observed in the abundance of bacterial 16S rRNA genes among different levels of aggregates within the greenhouse soil;however,there was a significant difference between aggregate sizes within open soil with a ratio difference of 5.21 times between aggregates sized from 2-0.5mm and those sized from 0.5-0.25 mm.Furthermore,there were significantly more bacterial species present in the greenhouse soil compared to that found in open soil.Principal component analysis revealed distinct differences between bacterial community structures within both greenhouse soils and<0.5 mm aggregates when compared to those found within open soils or other aggregate sizes.The dominant bacteria phyla identified across both greenhouse soils and open soils included Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Actinobacteria;whereas RB41,MND1,and Sphingomonas we

关 键 词：设施土壤 团聚体 细菌群落 结构 高通量 测序 

分 类 号：S152.481[农业科学—土壤学] Q939.96[农业科学—农业基础科学]