2022年浙江省嘉兴市湖北钉螺的群体遗传学分析  

Population genetics analysis of Oncomelania hupensis in Jiaxing,Zhejiang Province,2022

作　　者：顾伟玲[1] 彭晗琪 张韩香 向泽林[1] 陈中文[1] 富小飞 亓云鹏[1] 谢亮[1] 胡洁[1] 吕大兵[2] GU Weiing;PENG Hanqi;ZHANG Hanxiang;XIANG Zein;CHEN Zhongwen;FU Xiaofei;QI Yunpeng;XIE Liang;HU Jie;LYU Dabing(Department of Gastroenterology,The First Hospital of Jiaxing City,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314050,China;Department of Epidemiology and Statistics,School of Public Health,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴市疾病预防控制中心,浙江嘉兴314050 [2]苏州大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,江苏苏州215127

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第6期559-562,569,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81971957);浙江省嘉兴市科技计划项目(2022AY10032)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于微卫星遗传标记法对浙江省嘉兴市不同有螺环境的湖北钉螺进行基因分型,开展群体遗传学分析,探讨钉螺存在或扩散的原因及其影响因素,为有效监测和控制钉螺提供依据。【方法】选取嘉兴市2022年重点有螺环境的平湖市姚浜(YB)村和三兴(SX)村,以及秀洲区的运河(YH)农场3个种群共90只钉螺样本,采用9个微卫星位点对钉螺进行基因分型和群体遗传学分析。【结果】共观察到84个等位基因,YB、SX和YH种群平均等位基因数分别为7.889、5.667、3.778;有效等位基因数分别为4.807、3.329和2.294;近交系数分别为0.400、0.377、0.493。在无限等位基因模型下,SX和YH近期可能出现瓶颈效应。NeEstimator和LDNe软件计算的有效种群均>31.9。分子方差分析显示3个种群钉螺的变异主要存在于个体间,占总变异的41.44%,群体间遗传分化指数为0.286,表示遗传分化程度很大。主坐标分析与系统发生树结果一致,3个种群分为2个谱系,YB和SX为1个谱系,YH分属另一个独立谱系。种群历史及动态分析显示3个种群基因流不充分。溯源分析表示可能为YH首先从SX分化,YB由SX和YH接触融合形成。【结论】嘉兴市钉螺种群遗传多样性总体较低,钉螺种群较不稳定,遗传分化程度很大,各种群之间基因流不充分。[Objective]To genotype Oncomelania hupensis,based on microsatellites,in different snail-bearing environments in Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province,for population genetics analysis in order to explore the reasons and influencing factors for the existence or proliferation of snails and to provide scientific basis for effective monitoring and control of snails.[Methods]A total of 90 snail samples from three populations were collected in Yaobang Village(YB)and Sanxing Village(SX)in Pinghu City,and Yunhe Farm(YH)in Xiuzhou District,all were selected for snail checking in key snail habitats of Jiaxing City in 2022.DNA of the snails was genotyped and analyzed for population genetics using nine microsatellite loci.[Results]A total of 84 alleles were observed,and the mean number of alleles(Na)was 7.889,5.667,and 3.778 for YB,SX,and YH respectively;the number of effective alleles(NeA)was 4.807,3.329,and 2.294,respectively;and the coefficients of inbreeding(FIS)were 0.400,0.377,and 0.493,respectively.Under the Infinite Allele Model(IAM),the SX and YH might have a recent bottleneck.The NEstimator and LDNe software calculated effective population sizes(Ne)were above 31.9.AMOVA analysis showed that the variation of snails in the three populations mainly existed among individuals,accounting for 41.4%of the total variation.The value of the index of genetic differentiation between populations(FST)was 0.286,indicating a high degree of genetic differentiation.The results of the principal component analysis and phylogenetic tree were consistent,and the three populations were divided into two lineages,YB and SX were one lineage,and YH belonged to another independent lineage.Population history and dynamics analysis showed that the gene flow of the three populations was insufficient,population divergence history indicated that YH might have diverged from SX first,and YB was produced by the contact fusion of SX and YH.[Conclusion]The genetic diversity of snail populations in Jiaxing City is generally low,and the snail populations are unstab

关 键 词：湖北钉螺 微卫星标记 群体遗传学 种群历史动态 嘉兴市 

分 类 号：R113[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]