2012—2022年上海市两地区水源水的总α和总β放射性水平  

Totalαandβradioactivity levels of source water in two areas of Shanghai from 2012 to 2022

作　　者：黄敏鹏 钱爱君[1] 罗发坚 高林峰[1] HUANG Minpeng;QIAN Aijun;LUO Fajian;GAO Linfeng(Division of Health Risk Factors Surveillance and Control,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心健康危害因素监测与控制所,上海200336

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第6期566-569,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)重点学科(GWVI-11.1-40)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解上海地区环境放射性本底水平,积累环境中放射性历史监测数据,以便更早地发现并处理水源水中的放射性风险。【方法】根据《上海市环境放射性本底监测方案》的要求,选取距离某地近的地区1作为监测点,远离某地的地区2作为空白对照点。并考虑丰水期、枯水期、平水期的季节性特点,采样点的设立以及人群密度等综合因素,建立由两地区疾病预防控制中心(简称“疾控中心”)采样,上海市疾控中心进行监督质控的模式。采取每季度采集一次水样、每次采样量为5 L,并且送至上海市疾控中心进行处理、测量的方法。自2012年开始至今对两地水源水水样进行了持续10余年的总α、总β放射性水平的监测。【结果】2012—2022年地区1总α放射性、总β放射性活度浓度范围分别为1.83×10^(-2)~3.93×10^(-2)Bq·L^(-1)、6.05×10^(-2)~23.73×10^(-2)Bq·L^(-1),地区2总α放射性、总β放射性活度浓度范围分别为1.63×10^(-2)~4.46×10^(-2)Bq·L^(-1)、9.60×10^(-2)~25.33×10^(-2)Bq·L^(-1)。【结论】地区1、地区2这2地水源水中的放射性水平在正常本底范围内,符合GB/T 5750.13—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法放射性指标》中对总α放射性、总β含量的要求。[Objective]The purpose was to understand the background level of environmental radioactivity in the surrounding area of Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant and accumulate historical monitoring data of radioactivity in the environment,in order to detect and deal with radioactive risk in water sources earlier.[Methods]According to the requirements of the"Shanghai environmental radioactivity background monitoring plan",the area 1 closest to the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant was selected as the monitoring point,and the area 2 far from the nuclear power plant was selected as the blank control point.Considering the seasonal characteristics of high water,low water,and normal water periods,the establishment of sampling points,and population density and other comprehensive factors,a model of sampling from the disease control centers in these two regions was established,with the supervision and quality control by Shanghai disease control center.The water samples were collected once a quarter,with a sampling volume of 5 L each time,and the samples were sent to Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention for processing and measurement.Since 2012,water samples from the two sources have been collected for more than ten years for the totalαand totalβmonitoring of radioactive levels.[Results]2012‒2022 Area 1 totalαradioactivity,totalβradioactivity concentration ranges were 1.83×10^(-2)‒3.93×10^(-2) Bq·L^(-1) and 6.05×10^(-2)‒23.73×10^(-2) Bq·L^(-1),respectively.Totalαradioactivity and totalβradioactivity concentration ranges in Area 2 were 1.63×10^(-2)‒4.46×10^(-2) Bq·L^(-1),and 9.60×10^(-2)‒25.33×10^(-2) Bq·L^(-1),respectively.[Conclusion]The radioactive levels in the source water of Area 1 and Area 2 are within the normal background range,which meets the requirements of the"Standard test methods for drinking water-radioactive indicators"(GB/T 5750.13‒2006).

关 键 词：水源水 总α放射性 总Β放射性 监测 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]