灌溉和雨养条件下不同品种小麦的农艺性状与产量关系研究  

Studies on the relation between agronomic characters and yield of different wheat varieties under irrigation or rain-fed management

作　　者：李新华[1] 王紫娟 欧行奇[1] 欧阳娟 乔红[1] 张帅垒 LI Xinhua;WANG Zijuan;OU Xingqi;OU Yangjuan;QIAO Hong;ZHANG Shuailei(Department of Agriculture,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China;Xinxiang Nongle Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Xinxiang 453002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院农学院,河南新乡453003 [2]新乡市农乐种业有限责任公司,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期1-5,14,共6页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010101)。

摘　　要：论文以百农207、周麦18、洛旱7号3个品种小麦为试验材料,对其在灌溉和雨养两种条件下的产量三因素和其他农艺性状与产量的关系进行研究.结果表明:在灌溉条件下,百农207的经济产量最高,洛旱7号和周麦18次之;在雨养条件下,百农207产量最高,周麦18和洛旱7号次之.产量及其构成因素对雨养胁迫的敏感程度存在着极显著的差异.在产量构成因素与经济产量的相关关系和通径关系中,穗粒数对经济产量的贡献最大;在雨养胁迫环境条件下,3个品种小麦的株高冬前分蘖、最高分蘖、成穗率、生物产量、经济产量和秸秆系数比灌溉条件下均有一定程度的下降,且这些性状的减少均达到了极显著水平.3个品种小麦的收获指数在两种环境条件下的增减均未达到显著水平.综合以上结果可知,百农207对水分条件的敏感程度最低,产量最为突出.Bainong 207,Zhoumai 18,and Luohan 7 were used as experimental materials,the relationship between the three yield factors and other agronomic traits with yield were studied under two environmental conditions of irrigation and rain cultivation.The results showed that under irrigation conditions,the economic yield of Bainong 207 was the highest,followed by the yields of Luohan 7 and Zhoumai 18;Under rain fed conditions,the economic yield of Bainong 207 is the highest,followed by Zhoumai 18 and Luohan 7.There are significant differences in the sensitivity of yield and its constituent factors to rain cultivation stress.From the correlation and path relationship between yield components and economic yield,it can be concluded that the number of grains per spike contributes the most to economic yield;Under rain fed stress conditions,the plant height,pre-winter tiller,highest tiller,panicle formation rate,biological yield,economic yield,and straw coefficient of three wheat varieties all decreased compared to irrigation conditions,and the reduction of these traits reached a very significant level.The harvest index of three wheat varieties did not reach a significant level under both environmental conditions.Based on the above results,Bainong 207 has the lowest sensitivity to water conditions and the most prominent yield.

关 键 词：小麦品种 灌溉 雨养 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]