阻燃软质聚氨酯泡沫燃烧烟气毒性的研究  

Study on smoke toxicity from the combustion of flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam

作　　者：钱紫燕 胡伟兆 邢伟义[1] 邹斌 戚良元 宋磊[1] 胡源[1] QIAN Ziyan;HU Weizhao;XING Weiyi;ZOU Bin;QI Liangyuan;SONG Lei;HU Yuan(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《火灾科学（中英文）》2024年第1期33-41,共9页Fire Safety Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(51991352)。

摘　　要：材料燃烧的烟气释放受到材料成分和燃烧环境等诸多因素影响。为了研究阻燃剂和通风条件对软质聚氨酯泡沫(FPUF)燃烧烟气特性的影响,首先合成了一种添加型阻燃剂(DOPO-DICY),另选用两种典型的商用阻燃剂:甲基磷酸二甲酯(DMMP)、三聚氰胺(MEL),共制备了3种FPUF复合材料。通过垂直燃烧、极限氧指数、锥形量热仪等测试,对比了样品的阻燃性能。通过稳态管式炉(SSTF)调整一次进气量进行了贫氧、当量、富氧三种通风条件下的稳态燃烧测试,发现三种阻燃剂的加入均会增加稳态燃烧的烟气释放,但DMMP-MEL和DOPO-DICY均具有抑制CO生成的效果,同时证明了通风条件的变化也会影响FPUF的CO和CO_(2)的生成量。The smoke emission during the combustion of materials is influenced by multiple factors,such as the material composition and combustion environment.To investigate the effects of flame retardants and ventilation conditions on the smoke characteristics of flexible polyurethane foam(FPUF),an additive flame retardant(DOPO-DICY)was synthesized,and two typical commercial flame retardants,dimethyl methylphosphonate(DMMP)and melamine(MEL),were selected to prepare three kinds of FPUF composite materials.The flame retardant properties of the samples were compared by UL-94,limiting oxygen index testing,and cone calorimetry.Steady-state combustion tests were conducted under three conditions of lean,stoichiometric,and rich oxygen by adjusting the primary air intake using a steady-state tube furnace(SSTF).It was found that the addition of the three flame retardants increased the smoke emission of steady-state combustion,but DMMP-MEL and DOPO-DICY had the effect of inhibiting CO generation.It was also demonstrated that changes in ventilation conditions could affect the generation of CO and CO_(2)in FPUF.

关 键 词：阻燃 软质聚氨酯泡沫 稳态管式炉 烟气毒性 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]