卫生行政处罚的证明责任  

The burden of proof of health administrative penalty

作　　者：张红升 Zhang Hongsheng(Shenzhen Guangming district health inspection institute,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518132,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市光明区卫生监督所,广东深圳市518132

出　　处：《卫生法学》2024年第4期31-38,92,共9页Health Law

摘　　要：在卫生行政处罚中,存在实体事实的证明责任分配问题。应受行政处罚行为的成立要件具有指引证明责任分配的功能。行政机关首先证明单行法构成要件的符合性事实、当事人责任年龄,推定违法、精神智识正常、主观过错。当事人应对抗辩排除违法和责任事由承担举证责任。行政机关具有全面调查职责,故并不排斥行政机关证明违法和有责的排除事由。行政机关兼具证明主体和证明裁判的双重角色,其对待证事实证明真伪不明即属事实不清,应不予行政处罚。证明责任与证明标准具有功能趋同性,因利益衡量行政机关可进行裁量。There exists the distribution of burden of proof for substantive facts in health administrative penalty.The establishment requirements of administrative offence should be penalized has the function to guide the distribu-tion of proof responsibility.The administrative organ first need to prove the conformity of the constituent elements of the separate law,the age of responsibility,presume llegal,normal mental and intellectual health,and subjective fault.The parties involved shall bear the burden of proof in defending and excluding illegal and responsible matters.Administra-tive organ has comprehensive investigation responsibility,so it's not excluded from proving excluded causes of illegality and responsibility.Administrative organ has a dual role as both the party of proof and the referee of proof.If the pending fact is unclear,it should not make administrative penalty.The burden of proof and the standard of proof have a functional conver-gence,and administrative organ can exercise discretion in measuring interests.

关 键 词：证明责任 卫生行政处罚 事实 

分 类 号：D902[政治法律—法学理论]