三七渣电渣重熔对M50高温轴承钢中夹杂物的影响  

Effect of Electroslag Remelting Using 37 Slag on Inclusions in M50 High-temperature Bearing Steel

作　　者：高小勇 张立峰 Gao Xiaoyong;Zhang Lifeng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学机械工程学院,秦皇岛066004 [2]北方工业大学机械与材料工程学院,北京100114

出　　处：《特殊钢》2024年第4期89-93,共5页Special Steel

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(项目号2023YFB3709900);国家自然科学基金(项目号U22A20171、52274398)。

摘　　要：非金属夹杂物是影响高温轴承钢疲劳性能的重要因素。为了提高M50高温轴承钢的夹杂物控制水平,分析了三七渣电渣重熔精炼技术对夹杂物的影响。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对夹杂物进行了表征,采用X射线荧光光谱仪分析了电渣重熔前后渣料成分的变化。在自耗电极中,夹杂物为尺寸较小的Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2),其中,w[SiO_(2)]较高(平均值为29.3%),不存在聚集状夹杂物。经过电渣重熔,夹杂物转变为Al_(2)O_(3),而且存在大尺寸的簇状夹杂物;渣料中w[SiO_(2)]从1.73%增加到3.42%,同时Al_(2)O_(3)含量发生降低;钢中w[Al]从<0.0005%显著增加到0.0207%,w[Si]从0.356%降低至0.296%。基于渣-钢反应理论对电渣重熔过程的冶金反应进行了解释。钢液中的溶解Si和熔渣中的Al_(2)O_(3)在钢液和熔渣的界面发生反应,产物为溶解Al和SiO_(2)。随后溶解Al扩散进入钢液并与夹杂物中SiO_(2)发生反应,产物为溶解Si和Al_(2)O_(3)。最终使得钢中夹杂物转变为Al_(2)O_(3)。提出了控制三七渣电渣重熔M50轴承钢中夹杂物的方法。Non-metallic inclusion is a important factor affecting the fatigue property of high-temperature bearing steel.The effect of electroslag remelting(ESR)using 37 slag on inclusions of M50 high-temperature bearing steel was investigated in order to improve the level of inclusion control.Inclusions were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer.The ingredients of slags before and after ESR was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence method.In the consumable electrode,inclusions were finer Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2) with high SiO_(2) content(about 29.3%in average value).No inclusions clusters were observed.After ESR,inclusions changed to Al_(2)O_(3),the clusters inclusions with large size were observed.The content of SiO_(2) in the slag increased from 1.73%to 3.42%,and the Al_(2)O_(3) content decreased;The content of Al in the steel increased significantly from<0.0005%to 0.0207%,and the content of Si in the steel decreased from 0.356%to 0.296%.The metallurgical reaction during ESR was explained based on slag-steel reaction theory.The dissolved Si in the steel reacted with Al_(2)O_(3) of the molten slag at the interface between molten steel and slag,and the products were dissolved Al and SiO_(2).Subsequently,dissolved Al diffused into the molten steel and reacted with SiO_(2) of the inclusions,and the products were dissolved Si and Al_(2)O_(3).In the end,inclusions in the steel were transformed into Al_(2)O_(3).The methods to control inclusions of M50 bearing steel during ESR using 37 slag were proposed.

关 键 词：电渣重熔 高温轴承钢 M50 夹杂物 渣-钢反应 三七渣 

分 类 号：TF142[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]