运动防治癌症的作用机制--从整合生理学及肿瘤免疫微环境视角的探讨  

The Role and Mechanisms of Exercise in Cancer Prevention:A Perspective from Integrative Physiology and the Tumor Immune Microenvironment

作　　者：魏兴益 石月 石慧 李斐 陈佩杰 WEI Xingyi;SHI Yue;SHI Hui;LI Fei;CHEN Peijie(School of Exercise and Health,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Athletic Performance,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Shanghai Anti-doping Laboratory of Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,Ruijin Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai JiaoTong University,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育大学运动健康学院,上海200438 [2]上海体育大学竞技运动学院,上海200438 [3]上海体育大学上海兴奋剂检测实验室,上海200438 [4]上海交通大学附属瑞金医院风湿免疫科,上海200025

出　　处：《体育科学》2024年第3期78-88,共11页China Sport Science

摘　　要：缺乏体力活动及其引发的肥胖、营养过剩、慢性炎症及代谢紊乱是癌症的重要致病因素。随着研究的不断深入,运动在癌症预防、辅助治疗及预后中的作用日益凸显,这与其在降低循环中营养物质可用性、减轻机体慢性炎症状态、改善胰岛素代谢及增强免疫系统功能等方面的功效密切相关,这些因素共同作用上调了机体的“调定点”以更好地应对内、外环境挑战。回归携瘤状态,越来越多的研究证实运动抑制癌细胞生长最直接的效应机制是对肿瘤免疫微环境的改善:天然免疫和适应性免疫细胞的动员、增殖活性提高、效应功能增强及免疫细胞亚型转换。然而,仅有少部分研究揭示了运动中“运动因子”在改善肿瘤免疫微环境中的桥梁作用。未来,亟待更多基础研究深入探究运动效应的“本源性”作用机理,以开拓癌症免疫治疗新路径。The lack of physical activity and its associated obesity,excessive nutrition,chronic inflammation,and metabolic disorders are all crucial pathogenic factors for cancer.The role of exercise is increasingly evident in the prevention,adjunctive treatment and prognosis in cancer patients.These effects are closely linked to the reducing availability of nutrients in circulation,alleviating chronic inflammatory states,improving insulin metabolism,and enhancing the immune system’s functionality of exercise.The abovementioned factors collectively elevate the body’s“set point”,enabling better responses to challenges from both internal and external environments.More and more studies confirmed that the most direct mechanistic effect of exercise in inhibiting cancer cell growth is attributed to the improvement of the tumor immune microenvironment,which including the mobilization and increased proliferation activity of natural and adaptive immune cells,enhanced effector functions,and subtype conversion of immune cells.However,only a few studies have revealed the role of“exerkines”as a bridge in improving the tumor immune microenvironment through exercise.In the future,there is an urgent need to investigate the“inherent”mechanisms of exercise,so as to provide new avenues in cancer immunotherapy.

关 键 词：运动 癌症 肿瘤 免疫 代谢 炎症 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]