过失犯归责视域下的信赖原则  

Principle of Trust from the Perspective of the Attribution of Responsibility in Negligent Offenses

作　　者：陈强 Chen Qiang

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《荆楚法学》2024年第2期79-90,共12页Jingchu Law Review

摘　　要：信赖原则具有相当的经验色彩,既能弥补事实性归责的不足,亦能对经验性归责予以补强,故在非规范归责时代逐渐兴起。但随着以客观归责体系为代表的规范归责时代的到来,作为个别规则的信赖原则面临被归责体系替代的危险。实际上,信赖并非客观归责层面的内容,而是判断主观预见可能性的规则之一。经规范改造后过失犯的主观预见可能性意指“行为人对自己行为产生的风险的认识”,从这一禁止风险的认识推导出作为客观归责起点的实际的禁止风险的过程,正是过失犯的主观归责过程。这一过程的顺利实现意味着行为人的信赖并不相当,反之,则应当承认信赖原则的适用。The principle of trust has considerable experiential value,which can not only com-pensate for the shortcomings of factual attribution,but also strengthen empirical attribution.Therefore,it gradually emerged in the era of non-standard attribution.But with the arrival of the era of standardized accountability represented by objective accountability systems,the prin-ciple of trust,as an individual accountability rule,is facing the danger of being replaced by ac-countability systems.In fact,trust is not an objective level of responsibility,but rather one of the rules for judging the possibility of subjective foresight.The subjective foreseeability of negli-gent offenders after standardized transformation refers to the understanding of the risks generated by the actor's own behavior.From this understanding of prohibiting risks,the actual process of prohibiting risks as the starting point of objective attribution is derived,which is the subjective attribution process of negligent offenders.The smooth implementation of this process means that the trust of the actor is not equal,and conversely,the application of the principle of trust should be recognized.

关 键 词：过失犯 信赖原则 客观归责 主观预见可能性 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]