大豆萌发期耐盐性鉴定方法建立及耐盐大豆资源筛选  

Establishment of screening method for salt tolerance at germination stage and identification of salt-tolerant germplasms in soybean

作　　者：刘欣玥 郭潇阳 王欣茹 辛大伟[1] 关荣霞[2] 邱丽娟[2] LIU Xin-Yue;GUO Xiao-Yang;WANG Xin-Ru;XIN Da-Wei;GUAN Rong-Xia;QIU Li-Juan(Agricultural College,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China;National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement(NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程/农业农村部北京大豆生物学重点实验室/作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室/中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2024年第8期2122-2130,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：科技创新2030-重大项目(2023ZD0403601);国家自然科学基金项目(31830066)资助。

摘　　要：土壤盐渍化会影响大豆萌发和生长,筛选萌发期耐盐大豆种质对于耐盐大豆品种选育及盐渍土利用意义重大。本研究以8份代表性大豆种质为材料,蛭石为培养基质,用150 mmol L^(-1)NaCl进行盐胁迫处理,以水处理作为对照,测量2 d和3 d的大豆发芽率和芽长,旨在建立大豆萌发期耐盐性鉴定指标和评价方法。与对照相比,盐胁迫下大豆发芽率和芽长均下降。盐处理2 d不同种质间相对发芽率、相对芽长无显著差异,盐处理3 d相对芽长差异显著,可用以进行不同大豆萌发期耐盐性评价。以150 mmol L^(-1)NaCl对48份大豆种质进行盐处理,3 d相对芽长作为评价指标,将萌发期耐盐性划分为5级,1级为高度耐盐型,2级为耐盐型,3级为中度盐敏感型,4级为盐敏感型,5级为高度盐敏感型。鉴定出萌发期高度耐盐种质5份,耐盐种质12份。同时对48份种质进行出苗期和苗期耐盐性鉴定,鉴定出3份从萌发期到苗期均耐盐的种质,分别为中黄685、黑农94和东生104。本研究建立了一套室内大豆萌发期耐盐性鉴定方法,为耐盐种质鉴定利用奠定了基础。Salinity tolerance is prioritized for soybean because salt can affect soybean germination and growth.Screening for salt-tolerant soybean germplasms is of great significance for the breeding salt-tolerant soybean varieties and the utilization of saline lands for production.In this study,eight representative soybean germplasms were used as the experimental materials,soybean seeds were planted in vermiculite and treated with 150 mmol L-1 NaCl or water as the control.The germination rate and radicle length of soybean were measured after 2 days and 3 days treatment,aiming to establish the identification index and evaluation method of soybean salt tolerance at germination stage.In comparison to control,the germination rate and radicle length of soybean decreased under salt stress.No significant difference was observed in the germination rate and relative radicle length(RRL)between germplasms after 2 days salt treatment.Significant difference was observed in RRL after 3 days salt stress.Therefore,RRL was selected as the evaluation indicator to distinguish salt tolerance of 48 soybean germplasms.The 48 germplasms were divided into 5 levels by using RRL after 3 days salt treatment.Level 1,level 2,level 3,level 4,and level 5 was high tolerant,tolerant,medium sensitive,sensitive,and most sensitive,respectively.Five high salt-tolerant germplasms and 12 salt-tolerant germplasms were identified at germination stage.These germplasms were screened for salt tolerance at both emergence and seedling stages Three soybeans were identified for salt tolerance from germination stage to seeding stage,namely Zhonghuang 685,Heinong 94,and Dongsheng 104.In conclusion,a screening method for salt tolerance at germination stage under controlled condition was established,which laid a foundation for the identification and utilization of salt tolerant germplasms.

关 键 词：大豆 种质资源 萌发期 耐盐性鉴定 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]