基于虾夷扇贝自交家系的双列杂交配合力分析  

Combining Ability Analysis of Diallel Cross Based on Selfing Family of Yesso Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis

作　　者：赵亮 高杉[1,2,3] 蒋经伟[1,2,3] 周遵春 ZHAO Liang;GAO Shan;JIANG Jingwei;ZHOU Zunchun(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Aquatic Germplasm Resource,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Fine Seed Breeding for Marine Aquatic Animals,Liaoning Province,Dalian 116023,China;Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,辽宁大连116023 [2]农业农村部水产种质资源保护与发掘利用重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]辽宁省海洋水产动物种质改良与优良苗种繁育重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [4]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第4期541-549,共9页Fisheries Science

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2020M680976);财政部与农业农村部国家现代农业产业体系建设专项(CARS-49);中央引导地方科技发展基金资助项目(2023JH6/100100038);辽宁省海洋经济发展专项(1638864498514);辽宁省农业科学院计划项目(2022BS0703);大连市高层次人才创新支持计划项目(2021RQ090)。

摘　　要：为评估“先纯后杂”种质改良技术在虾夷扇贝中的应用效果,利用3个自交F_(1)家系(21#、12#、16#)的子代,采用3×3完全双列杂交构建包含亲本正反交的9种组合,统计幼虫期和成体期的成活率性状并开展配合力分析。试验结果显示:自幼虫期3日龄起,各阶段存活率均有显著差异(P<0.05);3组亲本的一般配合力的大小和方向均不相同,在27、140、200、440日龄一般配合力差异显著(P<0.05),尤其在140日龄差异极显著(P<0.01),效应值为-6.88~8.25;在幼虫期,不同交配组合中62.96%的特殊配合力与其反交组合是相反的方向,16#×12#展现出较高的特殊配合力,最高值达18.33;在成体期特殊配合力的大小和方向也不同,从幼虫到成体的转换期(27~140日龄)多数组合出现了效应值下降趋势。21#×12#、16#×12#组合在存活率上的杂种优势展现了合理运用“先纯后杂”的育种策略的有效性;同时21#×21#、12#×12#、16#×16#组合在存活率上的优势显示了虾夷扇贝具有较强的遗传负荷清除效率。试验结果可为虾夷扇贝遗传改良提供基础数据。In order to evaluate the application of the "purebred first and hybridized later" germplasm improvement technique in yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis,a combining ability analysis of survival traits during the larval and adult stages was conducted by employing a 3×3 complete diallel cross design consisting of the nine possible combinations of parents and their reciprocal crosses.The offsprings of three selfing F_(1) families(21#,12#,and 16#) were cultured and the survival rates were evaluated in each combination.The results showed that there were significant differences(P<0.05) in survival rates among different combinations at all stages except for the fertilization rate during the larval stage.The variations in the size and direction of the general combining abilities(GCA) were observed in the three parents,with significant differences at days 27,140,200,and 440,especially at day 140 with effective value of-6.88—8.25.Furthermore,the specific combining abilities(SCA) and observed 62.96% opposite directions were investigated between different mating combinations and their reciprocal crosses during the larval stage,with the maximal SCA value of 18.33 in 16#×12#.During the adult stage,the size and direction of SCA were also varied with decreasing effect values from the larval to adult stages(27—140 d).Overall,the effectiveness of the "purebred first and hybridized later" breeding strategy was shown a hybrid advantage in survival traits,particularly in the 21#×12# and 16#×12# combinations.Additionally,a strong efficiency in purge genetic load was found in yesso scallop with 21#×21#,12#×12#,and 16#×16#,providing theoretical basis and data support for genetic improvement of yesso scallop.

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝 双列杂交 一般配合力 特殊配合力 自交 

分 类 号：S968.313[农业科学—水产养殖]