文蛤6个地理群体形态差异分析  

Morphological Variation Analysis of Six Geographical Populations of Venus Clam Meretrix meretrix

作　　者：荆圆圆 陈群 刘天红 孙铭 刘广斌 胡发文 吴海一 张天文 胡凡光 JING Yuanyuan;CHEN Qun;LIU Tianhong;SUN Ming;LIU Guangbin;HU Fawen;WU Haiyi;ZHANG Tianwen;HU Fanguang(Marine Science Institute of ShandongProvince,Qingdao 266104,China;Key Laboratory of Mariculture&Enhancement in Shallow Sea Area,Qingdao,Qingdao 266104,China;Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding in Seawater,Qingdao 266104,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋科学研究院,山东青岛266104 [2]青岛市浅海底栖渔业增殖重点实验室,山东青岛266104 [3]山东省海水健康养殖工程技术研究中心,山东青岛266104

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第4期614-621,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：山东省贝类产业技术体系(SDAIT-14);山东省农业良种工程项目(2019LZGC020)。

摘　　要：为探明不同地理群体文蛤形态差异和地理分化特点,测量山东东营、莱州、日照,江苏如东和浙江普陀、乐清6个地理群体壳长、壳高、壳宽、韧带长、遁面长、遁面宽、小月面长、前端到腹缘距离和后端到腹缘距离9个形态性状,运用单因素方差分析、聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析方法进行比较分析。试验结果显示:普陀群体壳型隆起程度和贝壳厚度均最大,日照群体壳型隆起程度和贝壳厚度均最小;6个群体间最大差异系数为0.320~1.261,均小于1.28,未达到亚种水平;共提取4个主成分,其贡献率主成分1为25.69%,主成分2为18.84%,主成分3为15.57%,主成分4为11.62%,累计贡献率达71.71%;聚类分析结果表明,6个文蛤群体聚为两类,东营群体和莱州群体形态差异较小,聚为一类,如东群体、乐清群体、普陀群体和日照群体聚为一类;通过判别分析,共建立5个判别函数,判别准确率为70.0%~100%,综合判别率为82.8%。试验结果可为文蛤地理群体识别、文蛤种质资源保护和利用提供科学参考。In order to research morphological differences and geographical differentiation characteristics of different geographical populations of venus clam Meretrix meretrix,nine morphological traits were measured,including shell length,shell height,shell width,and ligament length in samples collected from six geographical populations of venus clam in Dongying,Laizhou,and Rizhao in Shandong province and Rudong in Jiangsu province,and Putuo,and Yueqing in Zhejiang province.A comparative analysis was conducted to explore the morphological variation in different geographical populations.The results showed that the venus clam in Putuo population had the maximal shell uplift and the thinnest shell,and that ones in Rizhao population had the thinnest and most flat shell.The cofficient difference(C.D) among six geographical populations was found to be 0.320—1.261,less than 1.28,indicating that the morphological variation was characterized under-subspecies.Four principal components were constructed,with the descending order of contributory ratio as 25.69%,18.84%,15.57% and 11.62%,summing up to 71.71%.The cluster analysis revealed that six populations were clustered into two branches,Dongying population and Laizhou population being grouped into one group,and Rudong population,Putuo population,Yueqing population and Rizhao population into one another group.Five discriminant functions of six populations were established,with discriminant accuracy rate from 70.0% to 100.0%,with a total of 82.8%.The findings provided scientific reference with the identification of geographical populations and protection and utilization genetic resources of venus clam.

关 键 词：文蛤 地理群体 形态差异分析 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]