不同油茶品系果实、种子及砧木性状差异及其相关性分析  

Differences in fruit,seed,and rootstock traits among different Camellia oleifera varieties and their correlation analysis

作　　者：何小三[1] 李进 查康 幸伟年[1,2] 王玉娟 HE Xiaosan;LI Jin;ZHA Kang;XING Weinian;WANG Yujuan(Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330032,Jiangxi,China;Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Protection and Utilization of Camellia oleifera in Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330032,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,江西南昌330032 [2]江西省油茶种质资源保护与利用重点实验室,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2024年第5期1-13,共13页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20203BBFL63056);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(JXTG[2021]22号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同油茶品系间果实性状、种子性状及砧木性状的差异,并对果实、种子及砧木性状各指标间的相关关系进行分析,为油茶优良砧木的选育研究提供理论依据。【方法】测定不同油茶品系果实性状、种子性状及砧木性状18项指标,通过单因素方差分析研究不同油茶品系间的果实、种子及砧木性状的差异,筛选出综合表现较好的油茶品系;运用相关分析得出18项指标间的相关关系,选出与砧木性状相关性较强的指标。【结果】不同油茶品系间单果质量、果实纵径、果实横径、果实纵横比、果皮厚、果实籽数及籽质量均存在极显著差异,22个油茶品系单果质量为15.71~35.99 g,果实纵径为29.81~40.17 mm,果实横径为29.06~39.99mm,果形指数为0.85~1.28,果皮厚为1.85~4.19mm,果实籽数为2.20~9.67粒。不同油茶品系间单种质量、种纵径、种横径、种侧径、纵横比、横侧比、纵侧比均存在极显著差异,22个油茶品系单种质量为1.07~4.26 g,种子纵径为16.98~27.40 mm,种子横径为13.17~23.12 mm,种侧径为9.00~16.93 mm。不同油茶品系间上胚轴长、下胚轴长、上胚轴粗、下胚轴粗均存在极显著差异,22个油茶品系上胚轴长为5.38~9.08 cm,上胚轴粗为1.72~2.97 mm,下胚轴长为14.35~23.97 cm,下胚轴粗为1.80~3.14 mm。砧木性状中上胚轴长与果实横径、单种质量、种侧径及果实纵径的相关性较大,下胚轴长与种纵径、种侧径、果实纵径及果实籽数的相关性较大,上胚轴粗与单果质量、果实纵径、单种质量、种纵径、种横径、种侧径均呈极显著正相关,下胚轴粗与果实纵横比、果实纵径呈显著正相关。【结论】综合果实、种子及砧木性状各指标筛选出适合作优良砧木的油茶品系为赣无2、赣石83-4、长林53号、GLS赣州油1号。砧木性状中4个指标均与果实纵径呈极显著、显著正相关或相关性较大,故可从以上4个适合作【Objective】The differences of fruit traits,seed traits and rootstock traits among different Camellia oleifera varieties were studied,and the correlation between the indexes of fruit,seed and rootstock traits was analyzed,so as to provide theoretical basis for the breeding of excellent rootstocks of C.oleifera.【Method】The 18 indexes of fruit traits,seed traits and rootstock traits of different C.oleifera varieties were determined.The differences of fruit,seed and rootstock traits among different C.oleifera varieties were studied by one-way analysis of variance,and the C.oleifera varieties with better comprehensive performance were selected.The correlation between 18 indexes was obtained by correlation analysis,and the indexes with strong correlation with rootstock traits were selected to provide theoretical basis for the selection of excellent rootstocks.【Result】The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in single fruit mass,fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit transverse diameter,fruit aspect ratio,peel thickness,fruit seed number and seed mass among different C.oleifera varieties.The single fruit mass of 22 C.oleifera varieties ranged from 15.71 to 35.99 g,the fruit longitudinal diameter was 29.81-40.17 mm,the fruit transverse diameter was 29.06-39.99 mm,the fruit shape index was 0.85-1.28,the peel thickness was 1.85-4.19 mm,and the fruit seed number was 2.20-9.67.There were significant differences in single seed mass,seed longitudinal diameter,seed transverse diameter,seed lateral diameter,ratio of longitudinal diameter to transverse diameter,ratio of transverse diameter to lateral diameter and ratio of longitudinal diameter to lateral diameter among different C.oleifera varieties.The single seed mass of 22 C.oleifera varieties ranged from 1.07 to 4.26 g,the seed longitudinal diameter ranged from 16.98 to 27.40 mm,the seed transverse diameter ranged from 13.17 to 23.12 mm,and the seed lateral diameter ranged from 9.00 to 16.93 mm.There were significant differences in ep

关 键 词：油茶 砧木 果实性状 种子性状 砧木性状 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]