生物降解聚乳酸复合材料的增韧增透性能研究  

Study on toughness and transparency of biodegradable polylactic acid composites

作　　者：李新芳[1] 黄旭平 洪鹏 赵素芬[1] Li Xinfang;Huang Xuping;Hong Peng;Zhao Sufen(Zhongshan Torch Polytechnic,Zhongshan 528436;Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronics and Information,Shanghai 2014110)

机构地区：[1]中山火炬职业技术学院,中山528436 [2]上海电子信息职业技术学院,上海201411

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2024年第7期157-161,166,共6页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：广东省普通高校重点领域专项项目(2021ZDZX4068,2023ZDZX3096);2023广东省普通高校特色创新项目(2023KTSCX359);广东省科技创新战略专项资金(“攀登计划”专项资金)项目(pdjh2023b1024);中山市社会公益科技研究重大项目(2022B2001);中山火炬职业技术学院校级博士工作站专项项目(2022BS04)。

摘　　要：选用成本低的生物降解柔性材料聚丁二酸丁二酯(PBS)为增韧剂,具有溶剂化增塑的乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯(ATBC)为界面相溶剂,自由基引发聚合的过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为增容剂,细化球晶提高聚乳酸(PLA)透明性的多酰胺类化合物(TMC)为成核剂,采用熔融共混法制备生物基聚乳酸复合材料,重点研究增韧剂、相溶剂和增容剂对聚乳酸复合材料力学性能、透明性能的影响,开发出高透明增韧PLA的制备技术。结果表明:在PLA基体中加入PBS、ATBC、TMC和DCP,提高了PLA的韧性、相容性和结晶能力。PLA/PBS/ATBC/TMC/DCP共混物中各组分的最佳质量比为80∶20∶10∶0.4∶0.3时,共混物的断裂伸长率为416.5%,相比纯PLA增加了71倍,冲击强度为4.22kJ/m^(2),相比纯PLA提高了165%,拉伸强度为44.3MPa,透光率为82%,显然,PLA的增韧增透性能最佳。其次,在PLA/PBS/ATBC/TMC共混物中添加DCP后,共混物的玻璃化温度(Tg)降低,当DCP添加质量为0.3%时,相比纯PLA降低了10.8℃,显然PLA/PBS共混物的相容性最佳,此时共混物的增韧增透效果显著,拓宽了其在透明产品领域的应用。Polybutylene succinate(PBS),a biodegradable flexible material with low cost,was selected as the toughening agent,the solvated plasticized acetyl tributyl citrate(ATBC)was selected as the interface phase solvent,the free radical initiated polymerized diisopropylbenzene peroxide(DCP)was selected as the compatibilizer,and the polyamide compound(TMC)to refine the spherulites to improve the transparency of polylactic acid(PLA)was selected as the nucleating agent to prepare biobased polylactic acid composite materials by melt blending method.The effects of toughening agent,phase solvent,and compatibilizers on the mechanical properties and transparency of PLA composites were studied to develop the preparation technology of highly transparent and toughened PLA.The results showed that the addition of PBS,ATBC,TMC and DCP to PLA matrix improved the toughness,compatibility and crystallization ability of PLA.When the optimal mass ratio of each component in PLA/PBS/ATBC/TMC/DCP blend was 80∶20∶10∶0.4∶0.3,the elongation at break of the blend was 416.5%,which was 71 times higher than that of pure PLA,and the impact strength was 4.22kJ/m^(2),which was 165%higher than that of pure PLA.The tensile strength was 44.3MPa,and the transmittance was 82%.Obviously,PLA had the best toughening and transmittance performance.When DCP was added to PLA/PBS/ATBC/TMC blends,the glass transition temperature(T g)of the blends decreased.When the amount of DCP was 0.3wt%,the glass transition temperature of the blends decreased by 10.8℃compared with pure PLA.Obviously,PLA/PBS blends had the best compatibility.At this time,the toughening and transparency effects of the blends were significant,expanding their applications in the field of transparent products.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 聚丁二酸丁二酯 生物降解 增韧 增透 

分 类 号：TQ321.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]