基于3种方法的福建天气雷达探测环境评估与分析  

Assessing CINRAD Radar Detection Environmentin Fujian Province by Three Methods

作　　者：连晨方 刘德强 张深寿 杨文昌[3] 邓志[3] 苏同华 LIAN Chenfang;LIU Deqiang;ZHANG Shenshou;YANG Wenchang;DENG Zhi;SU Tonghua(Longyan Meteorological Office of Fujian Province,Longyan 364000,China;Fujian Meteorological Observatory,Fuzhou 350008,China;Fujian Meteorological Bureau,Fuzhou 350008,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Disaster Weather,Fuzhou 350008,China;Key Laboratory of Straits Disaster Weather CMA,Fuzhou 350008,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省龙岩市气象局,福建龙岩364000 [2]福建省气象台,福建福州350008 [3]福建省气象局,福建福州350008 [4]福建省灾害天气重点实验室,福建福州350008 [5]中国气象局海峡灾害天气重点开放实验室,福建福州350008

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2024年第3期40-48,共9页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：福建省气象局短临指令性科研专项(2022D05):基于实况降水和雷达资料的龙岩临近预警技术研究;福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01450):福建省前汛期双雨带型暖区暴雨的中尺度对流系统组织结构特征研究;福建省自然科学基金项目(2022J01441):初夏和盛夏西太平洋副热带高压持续性异常的比较研究及其物理机制;龙岩市科技创新联合资金社会发展科技项目(2023LYF17116):基于天气雷达的龙岩市近20 a冰雹气候学研究。

摘　　要：【目的】我国新一代天气雷达组网探测仍然存在较大盲区,特别是对低层大气的覆盖情况缺少评估。该文旨在研究福建省雷达对低层大气的探测情况,以辅助补盲雷达站址选择。【方法】利用SRTM高分辨率地形数据,采用3种方法,对福建省8部SA天气雷达0.5~3.4°仰角的探测环境,从单站范围、雷达探测重叠度、组网覆盖范围等方面进行分析,其中方法1、方法2、方法3分别基于射线海拔高度不同、射线与地形高度差不同、馈源以上高度不同,对一定高度区间的雷达覆盖情况进行评估。【结果】从业务角度出发评估低层大气探测环境,方法1和方法2的评估效果更优,以方法2为例,分析在盲区新建雷达的补盲效果,结果表明盲区主要位于闽中、闽西南和闽北地区。【结论】补盲雷达若位于靠近福建省界的闽西南区域,能最大程度新增0~2 km高度雷达波束覆盖面积,经计算得出新增面积可达15 000 km2以上。The new generation of weather radar network in China still has large blind spots in hilly and mountainous regions,lacking comprehensive coverage assessment of the lower atmosphere.The focus of our study is on evaluating the low-level atmosphere detection environment of radar in Fujian Province to aid in selecting radar sites to fill these gaps.Using high resolution terrain data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)and three site selection methods,this article analyzes the detection environment of eight operational CINRAD/SA radars in Fujian Province from the elevation angles ranging from 0.5°to 3.4°.The analysis is conducted on the radar single-station coverage range and coverage overlap,and the radar network coverage.Among them,Methods 1,Methods 2 and Methods 3 are used in evaluating radar coverage at different altitudes,vertical heights from the ground,and altitudes above the feed sources,respectively.The results show that Methods 1 and 2 are proved to be more effective in evaluating radar detection environment in lower atmosphere.For instance,Method 2 can be used to calculate the atmospheric detection blind areas within the 0~2 km interval,and analyze the effectiveness of newly built radars in filling these blind spots.The results reveal that blind areas are predominantly situated in central,southwestern and northern parts of Fujian Province.If the gap-filling radar is located in the southwestern region of Fujian,it can maximize the increase of coverage area for radar beams at 0 to 2 km altitude.According to the calculation,the added area could exceed 15,000 km 2.

关 键 词：天气雷达 盲区 覆盖评估 选址方法 探测环境 

分 类 号：P411[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]