自动降水现象仪与人工观测对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Automatic PrecipitationPhenometer and Manual observation

作　　者：吴世美 贾峰 胡嘉欢 闵昌宏 吴有恒 WU Shimei;JIA Feng;HU Jiahuan;MIN Changhong;WU Youheng(Guiyang Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省贵阳市气象局,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《山地气象学报》2024年第3期101-107,共7页Journal of Mountain Meteorology

摘　　要：【目的】降水现象是重要的气象学指标之一,其观测数据准确性对气象预报及相关领域具有重要意义。【方法】实际观测中常存在器测数据与人工观测数据差异明显的现象,对比贵阳国家基准气候站的降水现象仪与人工观测数据分析。【结果】(1)降水现象仪可观测到台站发生的所有降水类型,但毛毛雨降水类型偏多,与人工观测偏差较大;(2)降水现象仪冰雹观测较人工记录而言,其判别条件有一定局限性,存在漏报现象;(3)降水现象仪对固态降水观测效果较差,漏报现象严重。【结论】降水现象仪在液态降水观测上准确性较高,但固态降水特别是冬季降水上需调整识别算法。Precipitation phenomenon is one of the important meteorological indicators,and the accuracy of its observation data is of great significance to meteorological forecast and related fields.There are obvious differences between the instrument-observed data and the manual observation data.This paper compares and analyzes the data observed by the precipitation phenometer at Guiyang national reference climate station with the manual observation data.The results show that:(1)The precipitation phenometer can observe all the precipitation types,but there are many types of precipitation in drizzle,which have bigger deviation from the manual observations.(2)Compared with the condition of manual observation,the discriminant conditions of hail observation by the precipitation phenometer have some limitations,and there exists a phenomenon of missing report.(3)The observation effect of precipitation phenometer on solid precipitation is poor,and the phenomenon of missing report is serious.In a word,precipitation phenometer has high accuracy in liquid precipitation observation,but the recognition algorithm needs to be adjusted for solid precipitation,especially winter precipitation.

关 键 词：降水现象 固态降水观测 漏报现象 降水现象仪 

分 类 号：P414.9[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]