典型河流岸线利用空间特征及驱动因子研究  

Study on the Spatial Characteristics and Driving Factors of Typical River Shoreline Utilization

作　　者：李子远 顾希俊 张辰旸 LI Zi-yuan;GU Xi-jun;ZHANG Chen-yang(Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics&Estuary(Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design),Hangzhou 310020,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省水利河口研究院(浙江省海洋规划设计研究院),浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第7期95-101,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金联合基金资助项目(LZJWZ23E090007);浙江省水利科技计划重大项目(RA2006)。

摘　　要：河流岸线作为国土空间的重要组成部分,是水陆生态系统物质交换和能量转化的重要纽带,具备独特的生态服务价值。掌握岸线利用类型组成结构的多样性特征及其影响因子,是岸线空间合理利用和科学管理的重要基础。研究选择浙江省16条代表性河流,按4大类16小类岸线功能分区,共划分岸线利用单元4 905个,岸线总长度4 580 km,单位岸线长度单元数量1.07个。研究对象河流岸线功能区划分类型基本一致,人工和自然岸线在数量和长度层面整体相当,且河流岸线利用程度极高(利用区占比96.3%)。不同河流岸线利用强度和精细程度存在一定差异,曹娥江最高,小溪最低;不同河流间岸线利用类型多样性程度存在较大差异,新安江最高,鳌江最低;同一河流不同岸线类型的数量和长度的优劣分布格局保持高度一致,呈强正相关性(ρ=0.973)。河流按岸线类型有无划分为4族,同一河流左右岸强自相似性达14条,两两中等相似及以上的河流组数占比达64%。岸线利用类型多样性与河流的自然特性(流域面积、河长、平均河宽、坡降)以负相关关系为主,而与社会属性(单位人口、单位GDP)以正相关关系为主。浙江省是我国经济最发达的地区之一,河流岸线空间在国民经济社会发展中承担重要功能,对岸线利用类型结构组成及其影响因子分析开展研究进而提出相关建议,有助于提升滨水空间资源价值,并促进国土空间资源优化和加强水域岸线保护。As an important component of territorial land space,river shoreline is an important link for material exchange and energy conver⁃sion in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems,and has unique ecological service value.Mastering the diversity characteristics and influencing factors of shoreline utilization structure is an important foundation for rational utilization and scientific management of shoreline space.This study selected 16 representative rivers in Zhejiang Province and divided them into into 4 major categories and 16 subcategories,accroding to their shoreline functions.The total number of shoreline utilization units is 4905.The total length of the shoreline units is 4580 km.There are 1.07 units of shoreline length per unit.The classification types of shoreline functional areas along different river are basically consistent.The number and length of artificial and natural shorelines are generally equivalent.And the degree of utilization of river shorelines is extremely high(the utilization area accounts for 96.3%).There are certain differences in the intensity and refinement in the utilization of different river shorelines,with Cao′e River being the highest and Xiaoxi River being the lowest.There are significant differences in the diversity of shore⁃line utilization types among different rivers,with Xin′an River being the highest and Aojiang River being the lowest.The distribution pattern of the quantity and length of different shoreline types in the same river remains highly consistent, showing a strong positive correlation (ρ=0.973). Rivers are divided into 4 groups according to the presence or absence of shoreline types. There are 14 strong self-similarity on theleft and right banks of the same river, and the number of river groups with moderate similarity or above in pairs accounts for 64%. The diver⁃sity of shoreline utilization types is mainly negatively correlated with the natural characteristics of rivers (basin area, river length, averageriver width, slope), while positively correlated with

关 键 词：浙江省 河流岸线利用 多样性分析 相似性分析 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]