基于C-D生产函数的灌区节水贡献率研究  

Study on Water Saving Contribution Rate of Irrigation Area Based on C-D Production Function

作　　者：徐凯[1,3] 沈建强 刘敏昊 杨开静[1] 白明皓 雷波 徐立荣[3] 翟林鹏 XU Kai;SHEN Jian-qiang;LIU Min-hao;YANG Kai-jing;BAI Ming-hao;LEI Bo;XU Li-rong;ZHAI Lin-peng(Department of Irrigation and Drainage,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Department of Rural Water Conservancy and Soil and Water Conservation,Jiangsu Provincial Department of Water Resources,Nanjing 210029,Jiangsu Province,China;School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水利研究所,北京100048 [2]江苏省水利厅农村水利与水土保持处,江苏南京210029 [3]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第7期234-240,254,共8页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：江苏省水利科技项目(2022069)。

摘　　要：为挖掘灌区节水目标实现路径,提高灌区用水效率,研究分析了大中型灌区水利工程建设管护对节水战略目标的贡献程度。以江苏省为例,选取6个典型灌区,收集了2015-2022年统计数据,分别计算渠系工程、田间工程和非工程措施的节水潜力,并据此计算灌区总节水潜力。以水利工程投入、劳动力投入、土地投入、技术进步作为自变量,灌区总节水潜力作为因变量,利用改进C-D生产函数来构建“双对数模型”。利用SPSS软件对数据进行多元线性回归,运用步进法剔除无关变量后建立最优方程,通过弹性系数测算不同变量对节水目标的贡献率大小。结果表明,在灌区总节水潜力组成中,渠系工程节水占比最大,田间工程节水占比最小;水利工程投入、土地投入、技术进步对节水目标的平均贡献率分别为45.5%、30.4%、5.2%,但技术进步贡献率呈现逐年增长的趋势,水利工程收入贡献率先减小后增大。大型灌区水利工程对灌区节水的贡献率高于中型灌区。该研究将C-D生产函数模型运用到节水评价当中,结果较为合理可靠,可为大中型灌区节水发展提供技术参考。In order to explore the path to achieve the water-saving goal and improve the water use efficiency,in this study,the contribution of the construction and management of water conservancy projects to the water-saving strategic goal was analyzed in large and medium-sized irrigation districts.Taking Jiangsu Province as an example,six typical irrigation districts were selected and statistical data from 2015 to 2022 were collected.The water-saving potential of canal engineering,field engineering and non-engineering measures was calculated respective⁃ly,and the total water-saving potential of the irrigation district was calculated accordingly.Taking project investment,labor input,land in⁃put and technology progress of water conservancy projects as independent variables and the total water saving potential of irrigation districts as dependent variables,the C-D production function was improved to construct a“two-log model”.Multiple linear regression was performed on the data by SPSS software, the optimal equation was established after removing irrelevant variables by stepwise method, and the contribu⁃tion rate of different variables to the water saving goal was calculated by elasticity coefficient. The results showed that among the total watersavingpotential components, the proportion of water saving in canal system was the largest, and the proportion of water saving in field engi⁃neering was the smallest. The average contribution rates of water conservancy projects, land and technological progress to water conservationgoals were 45.5%, 30.4% and 5.2%, respectively. However, the contribution rate of technological progress showed an increasing trend yearby year, and the contribution of water conservancy projects decreased first and then increased. The contribution rate of water conservancyprojects in large irrigation districts was higher than that in medium-sized irrigation districts. This study applies the C-D production functionmodel to the evaluation of water conservation, and the results are reasonable and

关 键 词：灌区 节水潜力 柯布-道格拉斯生产函数 贡献率 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]