正念干预对速度滑冰运动员心理疲劳的影响:心理弹性的中介作用  

Effects of Positive Thinking Intervention on Mental Fatigue in Speed Skaters:Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience

作　　者：王宏图 陈超杰 马冀飞 WANG Hongtu;CHEN Chaojie;MA Jifei(Basic Department,Heibei Youth Cadres Administrative College,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Dept.of Physical Education,Hebei Normal Univ.,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北青年管理干部学院基础部,河北石家庄050000 [2]河北师范大学体育学院,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《体育教育学刊》2024年第3期66-74,F0003,共10页Journal of Physical Education

基　　金：河北社会科学基金项目(HB22TY002)。

摘　　要：目的:考察7周正念干预对速度滑冰运动员心理弹性、心理疲劳的影响及心理弹性在正念干预与心理疲劳间的中介效应。方法:将44名速度滑冰运动员随机分配到实验组和对照组,实验组进行为期7周、每周1次、每次1小时的正念干预,在此期间对照组不进行任何干预,在实验前后分别施测正念五因素量表、运动心理弹性量表、运动心理疲劳量表。结果:实验组运动员后测的正念水平(F=30.30,p<0.001,η^(2)p=0.42)、心理弹性水平(F=64.90,p<0.001,η^(2)p=0.61)显著高于前测,心理疲劳水平显著低于前测(F=82.32,p<0.001,η^(2)p=0.66);正念与心理弹性呈显著正相关(r=0.33),与心理疲劳呈显著负相关(r=-0.49),心理弹性与心理疲劳呈显著负相关(r=-0.53);心理弹性在正念干预与心理疲劳间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的27.78%。结论:正念干预是缓解速度滑冰运动员心理疲劳的有效手段,它既可以直接缓解其心理疲劳,也可以通过心理弹性间接缓解心理疲劳。Purpose:To investigate the effects of 7 weeks of positive thinking intervention on psychological elasticity and psychological fatigue in speed skaters and the mediating effect of psychological elasticity between positive thinking intervention and psychological fatigue.Methods:Forty-four speed skaters were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group.The experimental group underwent a 7-week,once-a-week,1-hour positive thinking intervention,and the control group did not undergo any intervention during the period,and the Five-Factor Positive Thinking Inventory,the Mental Elasticity Scale for Sports,and the Mental Fatigue Scale for Sports were administered before and after the experiments,respectively.Results:The post-test level of positive thinking(F=30.30,p<0.001,η^(2)p=0.42)and psychological elasticity(F=64.90,p<0.001,η^(2)p=0.61)of the athletes in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the pre-test,and the level of psychological fatigue was significantly lower than that of the pre-test(F=82.32,p<0.001,η^(2)p=0.66);positive thinking was significantly positively correlated with psychological elasticity(r=0.001,η^(2)p=0.66).significant positive correlation(r=0.33)and a significant negative correlation with psychological fatigue(r=-0.49),and psychological elasticity was significantly negatively correlated with psychological fatigue(r=-0.53);psychological elasticity partially mediated between positive thinking intervention and psychological fatigue,and the mediating effect accounted for 27.78%of the total effect.Conclusion:Positive thinking intervention is an effective means to alleviate mental fatigue in speed skaters,which can either directly alleviate their mental fatigue or indirectly alleviate mental fatigue through psychological elasticity.

关 键 词：正念 心理弹性 心理疲劳 速度滑冰 运动员 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学] G862.1[文化科学—体育学]