四川白河国家级自然保护区防灭火道路建设对生态系统稳定性影响评价研究  

Evaluation of Impacts of Fire-Fighting Road Construction on Ecosystem Stability in Sichuan Baihe National Nature Reserve

作　　者：胡彬 雷照明 HU Bin;LEI Zhao-ming(Sichuan Provincial Institute of Forestry and Grassland Inventory and Planning,Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省林业和草原调查规划院,四川成都610081

出　　处：《四川林勘设计》2024年第2期1-9,共9页Sichuan Forestry Exploration and Design

摘　　要：自然保护区内防灭火道路等基础设施是我国生态文明建设中的重要一环。本文基于景观生态学原理,从生态系统恢复稳定性和阻抗稳定性2个方面,选取植被平均生产力、现存生物量、景观斑块优势度、生态弹性力、物种多样性指数、景观多样性指数以及均匀度指数7个具体指标,采用层次分析法结合专家打分法研究了防灭火道路修建对四川白河国家级自然保护区生态系统稳定性的影响。结果表明:防灭火道路修建后植被群落面积有所下降,植被生产力下降比率为0.84%,植物生物量损失比例为0.52%,生态弹性力由0.1725提升至0.1771,森林景观优势度有所提升,而灌丛景观、草地景观、湿地景观优势度明显下降;植被景观多样性指数由0.9398减少到0.9358,植被景观均匀度指数由0.5839下降至0.5827,但变化幅度均不明显因此,生态系统稳定性评价等级保持不变,项目建设对研究区内生态系统稳定性影响不大。本研究为四川白河国家级自然保护区协调经济社会发展和生态环境保护之间的关系提供科学指导,为日后生态系统影响评价提供了案例参考。Infrastructure,such as fire-fighting roads in nature reserves,is a crucial component in the development of China's ecological civilization.Based on the principles of landscape ecology,7 indicators were chosen in this study,including average vegetation productivity,existing biomass,landscape patch dominance,ecological resilience,species diversity index,landscape diversity index and landscape evenness index,combined hierarchical analysis and expert scoring method to evaluate the impact of fire-fighting road construction on Sichuan Baihe National Nature Reserve's stability.The results showed that after the construction of the fire-fighting road,the area of vegetation community decreased.the ratio of decrease in vegetation productivity was 0.84%,the ratio of loss of plant biomass was 0.52%,the ecological resilience increased from 0.1725 to 0.1771,and the degree of dominance of the forest landscape increased,while the degree of dominance of the scrub landscape,the grassland landscape,and the wetland landscape decreased significantly.The landscape diversity index decreased from 0.9398 to 0.9358,and the landscape evenness index decreased from 0.5839 to 0.5827,but the changes were not obvious,so the ecosystem stability evaluation grade remained unchanged,and the project construction did not have much impact on the ecosystem stability in the study area.provides scientific guidance for Sichuan Baihe National Nature Reserve to coordinate the relationship between economic and social development and ecological environmental protection,and provides a case reference for future ecosystem impact assessment.

关 键 词：防灭火道路 景观结构 生态系统稳定性 生态影响评价 四川白河国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]