我国法院适用“有利于保护弱者权益”条款的实证研究  

An Empirical Study of the Application of the Clauses“in Favor of Protecting the Rights and Interests of the Weak”by Chinese Courts

作　　者：张新新 Zhang Xinxin

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国际法研究所

出　　处：《国际经济法学刊》2024年第2期21-34,共14页Journal of International Economic Law

摘　　要：从我国法院适用“有利于保护弱者权益”条款的司法实践来看,网上可查询到的裁判文书数量不多,每年10份左右;案由涵盖较广;准据法单一,均为中国法;法院未对“有利于保护弱者权益”的考量因素进行说理。裁判文书存在混淆程序法和实体法问题,对冲突规范概念识别不清,对“有利于保护弱者权益”的考量因素不明,未进行外国法查明等问题。针对上述问题,提出应当厘清冲突规范的界限,准确理解冲突规范中“当事人”“弱者利益保护”等概念,从主观和客观角度综合考虑保护弱者权益,适当给予弱方当事人法律选择权,加强外国法查明,更好地落实涉外婚姻家庭领域中的弱者权益保护。From the judicial practice of Chinese courts in applying the clause“in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the weak”,this paper finds that the number of cases available online is not large,less than 10 per year.The cause of action covers a wide range,and the applicable law is relatively single,all of which are Chinese laws.And there is no justification for the considerations of“in favor of protecting the rights and interests of the weak”.There are issues such as confusion between procedural and substantive laws,unclear identifying of the concept of conflicting rules,unclear considerations of“protecting the rights and interests of the weak”and lack of identification of foreign laws.This paper proposes to clarify the boundaries of conflict rules,and understand the meanings of concepts in conflict rules,such as“party”and“protecting of the interests of the weak”.Secondly,courts should consider the protection of the rights and interests of the weak from both subjective and objective perspectives,appropriately give the weak parties the right to choose the law,and strengthen the identification of foreign laws.

关 键 词：涉外亲子关系 法律适用 有利于保护弱者权益 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学] D923D997.1