宁夏地区牛乳肠球菌耐药性分析  

Antibiotic resistance of bovine milk derived Enterococcus in Ningxia

作　　者：乔亚蕊 杨江流 高登军 付娜娜 周学章[1,2] QIAO Yarui;YANG Jiangliu;GAO Dengjun;FU Nana;ZHOU Xuezhang(College of Life Sciences,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources with Western Characteristics,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Huhhot,Inner Mongolia 750300,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [3]内蒙古自治区动物疫病预防控制中心,内蒙古呼和浩特750300

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第8期1-10,共10页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技攻关(支撑)计划项目(2021BEF02021);宁夏回族自治区科技创新领军人才培育项目(2021G-KLRLX10);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060816)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解宁夏地区奶牛正常乳汁和患乳腺炎乳汁中肠球菌的分布规律及其耐药特征,为宁夏地区奶牛乳腺炎疾病的抗菌药物合理使用提供参考。【方法】对宁夏地区16个规模化奶牛养殖场近3年来1154份乳汁样品(正常乳汁383份,患乳腺炎乳汁771份)进行肠球菌分离,采用形态学观察和生化试验对分离所获的496株肠球菌进行鉴定,通过K-B药敏纸片扩散法测定分离肠球菌菌株对青霉素(PG)、头孢唑林(CFZ)、庆大霉素(GEN)、四环素(TET)、红霉素(EM)、林可霉素(LCM)、链霉素(SM)和万古霉素(VCA)等8种药物的敏感性,并使用PCR方法对分离肠球菌菌株进行四环素类药物耐药基因(tetA、tetB、tetC、tetM)、大环内酯类药物耐药基因(mecA、ermA、ermB、ermC)以及林可胺类药物耐药基因(lsaA、lsaE、lnuG、lnuA)检测。【结果】从1154份乳样中共分离得到496株肠球菌,经鉴定分属6种肠球菌,分别是屎肠球菌、海氏肠球菌、粪肠球菌、蒙氏肠球菌、耐久肠球菌和鹑鸡肠球菌。其中屎肠球菌305株,占分离菌株总数的61.5%;海氏肠球菌124株,占分离菌株总数的25.0%;粪肠球菌27株,占分离菌株总数的5.4%;蒙氏肠球菌21株,占分离菌株总数的4.2%;耐久肠球菌15株,占分离菌株总数的3.0%;鹑鸡肠球菌4株,占分离菌株总数的0.8%。临床分离菌株对林可霉素、四环素、红霉素的耐药率分别达到95.8%,82.7%和80.2%,尤以耐7种药物的菌株为主,达230株(占耐药菌株的46.4%),最常见的耐药谱为PG+CFZ+GEN+TET+EM+LCM+SM。正常乳汁中分离的菌株主要为海氏肠球菌(检出率为73.8%),对林可霉素的耐药率最高(94.5%);患乳腺炎乳汁中分离的菌株主要为屎肠球菌(检出率为89.5%),对四环素的耐药率最高(97.0%)。496株临床肠球菌中有488株检测出携带耐药基因,检出率为98.4%;检测出乳源肠球菌不携带tetA、tetB、tetC、mecA、lnuG和lnuA耐药基因;携带ermA、ermB、ermC、t【Objective】This study investigated the dissemination and resistance patterns of Enterococcus in milk of both regular and mastitic cow in Ningxia to offer guidance for the judicious administration of antibiotics in cow mastitis treatment.【Method】In the past three years,1154 milk samples(383 normal milk and 771 mastitic milk)from 16 large-scale dairy farms in Ningxia were isolated,and the obtained 496 Enterococcus isolates were identified by morphological observation and biochemical experiments.The K-B susceptibility paper method was used to identify the sensitivity to penicillin(PG),cefazolin(CFZ),gentamicin(GEN),tetracycline(TET),erythromycin(EM),lincomycin(LCM),streptomycin(SM)and vancomycin(VCA),and PCR was used to detect resistance genes including tetracycline(tetA,tetB,tetC,and tetM),macrolide(mecA,ermA,ermB,and ermC),and lincomamide(lsaA,lsaE,lnuG,and lnuA).【Result】A total of 496 strains of enterococci were isolated from 1154 milk samples,and they were identified as 6 species including Enterococcus faecium,Enterococcus hirae,Enterococcus faecalis,Enterococcus mundtii,Enterococcus durans and Enterococcus gallinarum.Among them,305 Enterococcus faeciums strains accounted for 61.5%of total isolated strains,124 Enterococcus hiraes strains accounted for 25.0%,27 Enterococcus faecalis strains accounted for 5.4%,21 Enterococcus mundtii strains accounted for 4.2%,15 Enterococcus durans strains accounted for 3.0%,and 4 Enterococcus gallinarum strains accounted for 0.8%.The resistance rates of clinically isolated strains to lincomycin,tetracycline and erythromycin were 95.8%,82.7%and 80.2%,respectively.The number of 7 resistant strains was 230(46.4%of resistant strains),and the most common resistance spectrum was PG+CFZ+GEN+TET+EM+LCM+SM.The main isolated strain in normal milk was Enterococcus hiraes with detection rate of 73.8%,and it had the highest resis-tance rate to linkamides(94.5%).The main isolated strain from mastitis milk was Enterococcus faeciums(detection rate of 89.5%),with the highest resistan

关 键 词：肠球菌 奶牛乳汁 耐药性分析 耐药基因 宁夏地区 

分 类 号：S858.236.1[农业科学—临床兽医学]