复合材料与金属薄板自冲铆接成型工艺及影响因素研究  

Research on Forming Process and Influencing Factors of Self-piercing Riveting for Composite Materials and Metal Sheets

作　　者：张青 张先炼 扶文生 田茂涛 ZHANG Qing;ZHANG Xianlian;FU Wensheng;TIAN Maotao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学机械工程学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2024年第11期66-71,77,共7页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金计划项目(2023AFB303);长江大学科研发展基金项目(8021002902)。

摘　　要：为探究复合材料与金属异种薄板自冲铆接工艺的影响因素,选用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)分别与1.5、2.0 mm的AA5083铝合金,1.5 mm的镀锌钢DC54D+Z,1.2 mm的超高强钢DP1180进行自冲铆接试验;基于成型剖面对比分析研究接头的成型特点,并通过力学试验进一步研究接头在静载作用下的力学性能与失效行为。结果表明:断裂的纤维丝始终存在于铆钉脚与下板的间隙区域,导致铆钉脚不能刺入下板,对成型产生负面影响;金属板材质和厚度均对接头性能有所影响,强度越高和厚度越大,接头成型质量越差;复合材料-金属接头刚度受下板金属材料的影响较小;接头失效形式均为拉脱失效,承载能力与机械内锁强度成正比,可采取措施使铆钉刺入下板,增大钉脚张开度来防止产生拉脱失效;这4组接头成型过程中铆钉对纤维板的压溃损伤程度相同,拉脱失效后铆钉的倾斜角度和碳纤维板的破坏程度基本一致。In order to investigate influencing factors of self-piercing riveting process for composite materials and metal sheets,carbon fiber reinforced composite(CFRP)was selected for self-piercing riveting tests with 1.5,2.0 mm thick aluminum alloy AA5083,1.5 mm thick galvanized steel DC54D+Z,1.2 mm thick ultra-high strength steel DP1180,respectively.The forming characteristics of the joints were studied based on the comparison of the formed profiles,and the mechanical properties and failure behavior of the joints under static loading were further investigated through mechanical tests.The results show that the fractured fibers always present in the gap area between the rivet foot and the lower plate,which makes the rivet foot unable to penetrate the lower plate and has a negative impact on the forming.The material and thickness of the metal sheets have an impact on the joint performance,The higher the strength and thickness,the worse the forming quality of the joint.The stiffness of the composite material-metal joints is less affected by the metal material of the lower plate.The failure mode of the joints is pull-out failure,the bearing capacity is proportional to the strength of the mechanical lock.Measures could be taken to ensure the rivet pierces into the lower plate and increase the foot opening angle to prevent pull-out failure.The degree of crushing damage caused by the rivet on the fiber sheets is similar in all four groups of joints during the forming process,and the inclination angle of the rivet after pull-out failure and the damage degree of the carbon fiber sheet are consistent.

关 键 词：自冲铆接 复合材料 成型工艺 静力学性能 失效形式 

分 类 号：TG453.9[金属学及工艺—焊接]