TC4钛合金表面固体粒子冲蚀损伤行为及机理研究  

Solid Particles Erosion Damage Behaviour and Mechanism of TC4 Titanium Alloy Surface

作　　者：郭华锋[1] 赵恩兰[1,2] 杨海峰[2] 张万利 李龙海 刘磊[1] 何绍华[1] GUO Huafeng;ZHAO Enlan;YANG Haifeng;ZHANG Wanli;LI Longhai;LIU Lei;HE Shaohua(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xuzhou University of Technology,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221018,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州工程学院机电工程学院,江苏徐州221018 [2]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《表面技术》2024年第13期128-138,共11页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52275224);江苏高校‘青蓝工程’资助项目。

摘　　要：目的探究TC4钛合金在固体粒子冲蚀下的损伤行为,揭示钛合金表面的冲蚀机理。方法采用自主搭建的冲蚀试验装置,以TC4钛合金为研究对象,综合运用正交试验法和控制变量法开展常温干砂粒冲蚀试验。通过扫描电镜综合分析冲蚀区域表面和截面的微观形貌,采用能谱仪分析冲蚀区域元素的组成,利用电子天平测量冲蚀磨损质量;讨论工艺参数对钛合金损伤行为及冲蚀机理的影响。结果相较于冲砂量和冲蚀角度,冲蚀距离对冲蚀量的影响更大;冲蚀量随着冲蚀角度的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,在40°附近达到峰值。结合数值模拟和试验研究结果发现,钛合金的损伤形式和冲蚀机理与冲蚀角度密切相关,在低攻角时形成了较狭长的犁沟和挤压唇,发生了明显的塑性变形,容易产生二次撞击,表现为微切削机制;在中攻角时,微切削与锤击效应共存,损伤最为严重;在冲蚀角度为90°时,形成了较多的撞击坑、挤压唇及少量的疲劳剥层,主要为锤击效应引起的疲劳破坏。在低攻角时,磨料动能损失较小,随着冲蚀角度的增加,磨料动能损失增大,且在不同攻角下均有破碎磨料嵌入基体。结论冲蚀距离和冲砂量对钛合金冲蚀损伤的影响较为显著,冲蚀角度会影响钛合金的冲蚀机理,此研究结论可为钛合金结构件抗冲蚀设计提供理论依据。Erosion wear is one of the main failure modes of titanium alloy engine blades.In order to investigate the damage behavior of TC4 titanium alloy under solid particle erosion and reveal the erosion mechanism of titanium alloy surface.The erosion test of dry sand at normal temperature was carried out according to the orthogonal test method and the control variable method with TC4 titanium alloy as the research object.The surface and cross section of the erosion wear region were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,and the element composition was analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer.The erosion wear quality was measured by electronic balance.The effects of process parameters on the damage behavior and erosion mechanism of titanium alloy were discussed.Compared with the amount of sand and the impact angle,the erosion distance on the erosion wear quality was dominant.With the increase of impact angle,the erosion wear quality increased initially and then decreased,reaching a peak value near 40°.Combined with numerical simulation and experiment,it was found that the damage form and erosion mechanism of titanium alloy were closely related to the impact angle.At low impact angle,the horizontal component of abrasive speed was much larger than the vertical component,and the cutting action was much larger than the hammering effect.So relatively narrow furrows and extruded lips were formed,obvious plastic deformation occurred,and secondary impact was likely to occur,which was manifested as micro-cutting mechanism.In the middle impact angle,the micro-cutting machine and hammering effect coexisted.The cutting action was reduced,resulting in a reduction in groove length.However,with the increase of hammering force,the penetration depth of abrasive particles increased,and the transverse cracks appeared at a deeper location and the damage was the most serious.When the impact angle was 90°,more impact craters,extruded lips and a small amount of fatigue stripping were formed,mainly due to the fatigue damage caused by hamm

关 键 词：TI6AL4V钛合金 固体颗粒冲蚀 正交试验 数值模拟 冲蚀机理 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理] TH117.1[金属学及工艺—金属学]