不同管护模式对核桃经济林生长指标的影响研究  

Effects of Different Management and Conservation Modes on Growth Indexes of Walnut Economic Forest

作　　者：严磊 李菊彩 沙敏 Yan Lei;Li Jucai;Sha Min(Kunming Forestry and Grassland Science and Technology Promotion Station,Kunming 650223,Yunnan,China;Xishan Forest Farm,Kunming 650100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市林业和草原科技推广总站,云南昆明650223 [2]昆明市西山林场,云南昆明650100

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第9期89-92,共4页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：以云南省昆明市为试验地点,分析不同管护模式对核桃经济林生长指标的影响,旨在探究最佳管护模式。根据核桃经济林不同管护模式分为5个处理,A1(自然生长);A2(嫁接+除草);A3(嫁接+除草+整形修剪);A4(嫁接+除草+整形修剪+施肥);A5(嫁接+除草+整形修剪+施肥+病虫害防治)。分析不同管护模式对核桃经济林生长指标的影响。结果表明:不同管护模式的核桃经济林林下植被多样性比较为:A5>A4>A3>A2>A1(P<0.05);不同管护模式下的核桃经济林生长指标存在差异(P<0.05),A5的地径、树高和枝下高分别是A1的1.97倍、1.42倍和1.60倍;管护后的核桃经济林土壤养分指标优于自然生长处理组,A5处理的效果更明显;综合管护后的核桃经济林干果产量增幅度最高是16%,和自然生长处理对比,实现2倍增收。指出了不同管护模式均可促进核桃经济林的生长,其中嫁接+除草+整形修剪+施肥+病虫害防治的综合管护模式,在促进其生长的同时,改善土壤养分指标,实现林下物种多样性的维护,增强群落稳定性。Taking Kunming City of Yunnan Province as the test site,the effects of different management and conservation modes on the growth index of walnut economic forest were analyzed in order to explore the best management and conservation mode.The walnut economic forest was divided into five treatments according to different management modes:A1(natural growth),A2(grafting+weeding),A3(grafting+weeding+shaping and pruning),A4(grafting+weeding+shaping and pruning+fertilization)and A5(grafting+weeding+shaping and pruning+fertilization+pest control),and the effects of different management and conservation modes on the growth indexes of walnut economic forest were analyzed.The results show that the vegetation diversity of walnut economic forest under different management modes was A5>A4>A3>A2>A1(P<0.05).The growth indexes of walnut economic forest under different management modes were different(P<0.05).The ground diameter,tree height and branch height of A5 were 1.97 times,1.42 times and 1.60 times of A1,respectively.The soil nutrient index of managed walnut economic forest was better than that of natural growth treatment group,and the effect of A5 treatment was more obvious.After comprehensive management and protection,the dried fruit yield of walnut economic forest increased by 16%,which was twice as high as that of natural growth treatment.It points out that different management modes can promote the growth of walnut economic forest,among which the integrated management mode of grafting+weeding+shaping and pruning+fertilization+pest control can promote the growth of walnut,improve soil nutrient index,maintain understory species diversity,and enhance community stability.

关 键 词：管护模式 核桃经济林 生长指标 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]