技术创新测度:专利权利要求技术方案创造性  

Measurement of technological innovation:The inventive step of technical solutions in patent claims

作　　者：乔永忠 QIAO Yong-zhong(Intellectual Property Research Institute of Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学知识产权研究院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《科学学研究》2024年第7期1547-1555,共9页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72374176,71874148)。

摘　　要：精准测度技术创新对中国实现高水平科技自立自强具有重要价值。专利权利要求限定技术方案创造性的“突出的实质性特点”和“显著的进步”特征,反映了“专利”与“技术创新”的内在关联点。以专利权利要求限定技术方案创造性为测度技术创新的理论依据,运用权利要求的数量和长度以及独立和从属权利要求的“特征部分”和“限定部分”等核心指标,以及引证指数、同族专利数、维持时间、转让次数、许可次数、无效次数、侵权次数、申请人类型和国籍等参考指标,构建符合不同要求的技术创新测度方法,不同程度地提高了基于专利指标测度技术创新方法的精准性。Xi Jinping general secretary emphasized that"protecting intellectual property is protecting innovation",which is an authori-tative judgment on the relationship between intellectual property and innovation.The report of the 20th National Congress of the Com-munist Party of China puts forward"strengthening the legal protection of intellectual property and forming a basic system to support comprehensive innovation",and the report of the State Council on the work of the government in 2023 puts forward"strengthening the protection of intellectual property and stimulating the power of innovation",all of which are in line with the judgment."Protecting pa-tents is protecting technological innovation"is a specific deepening of this thesis,which reflects the internal relationship between patents and technological innovation.The ability improvement of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance is inseparable from the accurate measurement of the level of technological innovation,especially the accurate measurement of technological innovation based on patent indicators.More and more existing research results use the number of patents(applications)as the only indicator or the composite indicators such as the citation index of additional patents(cited),the number of the same family patents,and the number of patent transfers to measure technological innovation.Because these measurement methods do not focus on the internal relationship between patent indicators and technological innovation,the measurement conclusion is not accurate enough and may mislead decision-making.Therefore,it is of great value to study the method of accurately measuring technological innovation for China to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.The inventive step of technical solution,the"characteristic"indicators of independent claims and the"restrictive"indicators of the dependent claims in patents,which reflect the technical innovation level of the invention from different angles.The inventive step of technical solutio

关 键 词：技术创新 测度 创造性 技术方案 专利权利要求 

分 类 号：G306.33[文化科学]