遵义市新民镇朝阳村2009与2023年地氟病情况调查分析  

Survey and analysis of endemic fluorosis in Chaoyangg Village,Xinmin Town,Zunyi City in 2009 and 2023

作　　者：顾茂华 吴云[1] 王世杰 江中川 GU Maohua;WU Yun;WANG Shijie;JIANG Zhongchuan(Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [2]遵义市播州区南白社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2024年第3期189-191,共3页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62266011)。

摘　　要：目的实地调查2009年以来遵义市播州区新民镇朝阳村的地氟病防治工作情况,为巩固加强防治措施以及后续项目工作的开展提供依据。方法以贵州省燃煤型地方性氟中毒病区(遵义县播州区新民镇朝阳村)作为调查点,通过对病区朝阳小学8~12岁儿童氟斑牙筛查情况,采用问卷调查的形式了解当地居民的基本生活情况及对地氟病的知晓情况等信息,最后通过2009年以来当地医院记录的地氟病防治工作的情况,结合本次实地调研情况进行对比和分析。结果2009年8~12岁学生地氟病知晓率朝阳村为100%、2023年为23.3%;2009年8~12岁学生氟斑牙朝阳村检出率为33.7%、2023年为16.4%;2009年朝阳村(自然村)居民正确使用炉灶率为0%、正确干燥辣椒和玉米率分别为33.3%和30%,2023年朝阳村居民正确使用炉灶率为61.6%、正确干燥辣椒和玉米率为78.1%。结论虽然当地地氟病防治已达到控制水平、儿童氟斑牙患病程度相较2009年已经有了较大改善,但居民的健康行为习惯还没有得到完全的转变,仍然缺乏对地氟病的重视和了解。对于地氟病的宣传和教育,今后应予以重视,从而巩固和加强地氟病防治工作的成果,增强居民自我保护意识,最终实现地氟病的完全消除。Objective To conduct on-site investigation on the fluorosis prevention and control work in Chaoyang Village,Xinmin Town,Bozhou District,Zunyi City since 2009,and to provide a basis for consolidating and strengthening prevention and control measures and facilitating the implementation of future projects.Methods Taking the local endemic coal-burning fluorosis area(Chaoyang Village,Xinmin Town,Xuzhou District,Zunyi County)in Guizhou Province as the investigation site,we first conducted a fluorosis dental screening on children aged from 8 to 12 in Chaoyang Primary School in the endemic area.Then we used questionnaires to understand residents'current basic living conditions and conditions about knowledge of endemic fluorosis.Finally,we compared and analyzed the local hospitals'records on preventing and treating endemic fluorosis since 2009 with this field study.ResultsThe awareness rate of dental fluorosis among students aged 8 to 12 in Chaoyang Village was 100%in 2009 and 23.3%in 2023;the detection rate of dental fluorosis in students aged 8 to 12 in Chaoyang Village was 33.7%in 2009 and 16.4%in 2023;in 2009,the rate of correct stove use among residents of Chaoyang Village was 0%,and the rates of correctly drying chili peppers and corn were 33.3%and 30%respectively,while in 2023,the rate of correct stove use among residents of Chaoyang Village was 61.6%,and the rates of correctly drying chili peppers and corn were 78.1%.Conclusion Although the local prevention and control of endemic fluorosis have reached the control level,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children has improved compared with 2009,the health behavior habits of residents still need to be changed entirely,and they still lack attention and understanding of endemic fluorosis.For the publicity and education of endemic fluorosis,we should pay attention to it in the future to consolidate and strengthen the results of endemic fluorosis prevention and treatment,improve residents'selfprotection awareness,and finally eliminate endemic fluorosis.

关 键 词：燃煤型地氟病 儿童氟斑牙 健康教育 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]