乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤水盐空间分异特征及其成因  

Characteristics of soil water and salt spatial differentiation along the Yellow River section of Ulan Buh Desert and its causes

作　　者：雍天 张金霞 陈丽娟 席海洋 张斌武 甘开元 Tian Yong;Jinxia Zhang;Lijuan Chen;Haiyang Xi;Binwu Zhang;Kaiyuan Gan(College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Alashan League Forestry and Grassland Research Institute,Alashan Left Banner 750300,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]阿拉善盟林业草原研究所,内蒙古阿拉善左旗750300

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第3期247-258,共12页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项(2021CG0046);阿拉善盟科技计划项目(AMKJ202316);中国科学院“西部之光-西部交叉团队”重点实验室专项(xbzg-zdsys-202103);甘肃省科技计划项目(22JR5RA072)。

摘　　要：乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤盐碱化治理对保障黄河流域生态安全、实现高质量发展具有重要意义。本文通过测定乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段45个采样点的土壤水盐数据,运用传统统计学和地统计学方法对该区土壤水盐空间分异特征及土壤盐碱化成因进行分析。结果表明:乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤水盐碱含量整体呈现出自西向东、由南到北逐渐增大的趋势;其中非盐碱土占该区总面积的41.37%,轻、中、重度盐土分别占该区总面积的34.11%、10.56%和8.74%,极重度盐碱土出现在巴彦木仁苏木附近,占该区总面积的5.22%;而盐碱土以硫酸盐类(46.67%)和氯化物类(53.33%)为主;土壤质地对土壤盐分的影响最显著,其次为土壤全碳含量和含水量;气候干旱、降水稀少、黄河引流灌溉与地下水位抬升是乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河段土壤盐碱化的主要原因。The management of soil salinization along the Yellow River section of Ulan Buh Desert is of great significance to guarantee the ecological security of the Yellow River Basin and realize high-quality development.Based on the traditional and geostatistical analysis methods,this paper analyzed the spatial differentiation characteristics of soil water and salinity,as well as the causes of soil salinization along the Yellow River section of Ulan Buh Desert based on the results of soil water and salinity surveys at 45 sampling sites along the Yellow River section of Ulan Buh Desert.The results showed that the soil water salt content along the Yellow River section of Ulan Buh Desert showed a trend of increasing gradually from west to east and from south to north,with non-saline soils accounting for 41.37%of the total area of the area,lightly,moderately,and severely saline soils accounting for 34.11%,10.56%,and 8.74%of the total area of the area,respectively.Extremely saline soils appeared near Bayanmuren Sumu,which accounted for 5.22%of the total area of the area.Saline soils were dominated by sulfate saline soils(46.67%)and chloride saline soils(53.33%).Soil texture had the most significant effects on soil salinity,followed by soil total carbon content and water content.Climatic drought,sparse precipitation,Yellow River diversion for irrigation and groundwater table elevation were the main reasons of soil salinization along the Yellow River section of the Ulaanbuhe Desert.

关 键 词：乌兰布和沙漠 土壤水分 土壤盐分 空间分布 

分 类 号：S153.4[农业科学—土壤学]