刷状沙柳沙障固沙性能风洞模拟  

Wind tunnel simulation on the sand fixation performance of a kind of brush shaped Salix psammophila sand barrier

作　　者：姚正毅 屈建军 肖建华 王茹燕 韩胜利 陆文赋 Zhengyi Yao;Jianjun Qu;Jianhua Xiao;Ruyan Wang;Shengli Han;Wenfu Lu(Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China;General Afforestation Farm of Ordos,Ordos 017000,Inner Mongolia,China;Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127 [3]内蒙古鄂尔多斯造林总场,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [4]宁夏大学,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第3期290-297,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0008)。

摘　　要：与传统的沙柳沙障人工逐根布设不同,刷状沙柳沙障采用机械编织形成,有类似拒马的外形,布设后稳定性好,也便于施工。对一种以沙柳枝条为原料的刷状沙障固沙性能进行了风洞模拟。结果表明:(1)在第1道沙障前风速略有降低,在第1、2、4道沙障处,风速增加较大。在经过每道沙障后,风速下降较大,形成一个降速区。(2)沙障正下方沙面多表现为侵蚀状态。迎风的第1道沙障,侵蚀现象最严重,随着时间推移,甚至发生掏蚀现象。沙障之间多处于堆积状态,第1格堆积最严重,其后堆积程度减弱。(3)沙障设置后,风沙流结构呈复杂的指数下降曲线。8、12、16、20 m·s^(-1)风速下的集沙量分别减少86.8%、81.6%、53.4%、67.8%。这表明刷状沙柳沙障有较好的固沙性能。由于沙障的扰动,沙物质向上飘散,使地表10~14 cm高度以上进沙口的集沙量有所增加。Compared to traditional Salixpsammophila sand barriers which should be manually inserted one by one,brush shaped S.psammophila sand barriers use mechanical weaving to form bottle brush barriers,which have a shape similar to horse resistance.This kind of barriers are easy to construct and have good stability after setup.Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to study sand fixation function of a brush shaped sand barrier made from S.psammophila branches.The results show that:(1)The wind speed slightly decreases in front of the first row of barrier,and increases significantly at position of the first,the second and the forth row of barrier.After pass through each row barriers,wind speed reduced greatly and formed deceleration zone.(2)The sand surface directly below the barrier often exhibits erosion effect.The erosion phenomenon is the most severe right under the first row barrier,and excavation occurs with time lapse.Between the sand barriers,the sand surface showed a state of accumulation,the first checkerboard accumulated the most severe,followed by a decrease in the degree of accumulation.(3)After setting up the barrier,the structure of the wind-sand flow exhibits a complex exponential decline curve.The sediment collection at wind speeds of 8 m·s^(-1),12 m·s^(-1),16 m·s^(-1),and 20 m·s^(-1) decreased by 86.8%,81.6%,53.4%,and 67.8%,respectively.This indicates that the brush shaped sand barrier has good sand fixation performance.Due to the disturbance of barriers,sand material drifts upwards,resulting in an increase in the amount of sand collected at the sand inlet above a height of 10-14 cm.

关 键 词：沙柳 刷状沙障 风洞模拟 固沙 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程]