激光增材制造金属功能材料及其原位同步辐射研究(特邀)  

Laser Additive Manufacturing of Metallic Functional Materials and In-Situ Synchrotron Radiation Research(Invited)

作　　者：李冠奇 张东升 郑嘉兴 吕超 刘伟 赵新青[1] 张兵兵 侯慧龙 Li Guanqi;Zhang Dongsheng;Zheng Jiaxing;LüChao;Liu Wei;Zhao Xinqing;Zhang Bingbing;Hou Huilong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility,Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Printing Research&Engineering Technology Center,AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;Tianmushan Laboratory(Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory for Aviation),Hangzhou 311115,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所北京同步辐射装置,北京100049 [3]中国航发北京航空材料研究院3D打印研究与工程技术中心,北京100095 [4]天目山实验室(航空浙江省实验室),浙江杭州311115

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第10期70-90,共21页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3808700、2021YFB3703400);国家自然科学基金(51971009,12002013,52175369,52101058);浙江省自然科学基金(LZ23E010004);天目山实验室科研基金(TK-2024-C-004)。

摘　　要：近年来,基于激光增材制造技术的先进结构材料和构件制备及应用取得了重要进展,并由此带动了该技术在金属功能材料制备与调控方面的发展。作为金属功能材料典型代表的形状记忆合金兼具形状记忆、超弹性和弹热效应等新奇特性,这些特性与合金的微观组织、微结构演化高度相关,但难以通过传统制备和表征手段实现精细化调控和实时相变测量,因而通过激光增材制造技术调控微结构并进行原位同步辐射观测成为形状记忆合金性能提升的重要手段。本文综述了基于激光增材制造的形状记忆合金设计、微结构调控、工艺-结构-性能关系以及国内外研究现状,并从技术原理、材料特性、工艺优化、结构调控和原位表征等方面对形状记忆合金激光增材制造研究进展进行了介绍,归纳整理了现阶段激光增材制造形状记忆合金的主要性能。另外,本文介绍了激光增材制造过程的原位X射线衍射表征方法以及该表征方法的典型应用,对增材制造过程中合金的相变动力学测量及单晶原位表征方法进行了梳理,并对该技术的未来发展趋势进行了展望。Significance Laser additive manufacturing is a technology that utilizes a laser beam to melt and mold powders layer by layer based on a 3D model.It has made outstanding progress in the molding of metallic structural materials such as large and complex structural parts in the aerospace industry.Laser additive manufacturing has also achieved remarkable progress in the fabrication of metallic functional materials.Shape memory alloys are a type of metallic functional materials that exhibit shape memory,superelasticity,and elastocaloric effects.Through design and optimization of the process strategy,shape memory alloys with excellent functional properties and complex shapes could be fabricated by laser additive manufacturing.Laser additive manufacturing offers an effective method to research metallic functional materials with outstanding performance that can meet the application requirements.Progress In this paper,we systematically summarize the research on laser additive manufacturing of metallic functional materials and their characterization by insitu synchrotron radiation.We further introduce the research progress on laser additive manufacturing of highperformance shape memory alloys as well as the latest progress of metal LPBF and LDED technologies for synchrotron radiationbased insitu Xray diffraction(XRD)research.In the first part of this paper,the dominant types of laser additive manufacturing and their basic principles are introduced.On this basis,the relationship between the functional properties of shape memory alloys and the parameters of the process strategy is revealed.This relationship offers a guideline for how to fabricate a shape memory alloy with targeted properties.In the next part,the research progress on highdensity shape memory alloys fabricated through laser additive manufacturing is introduced.The guidance of results predicted by computer is convenient for selecting the combinations of parameters that could be used to fabricate shape memory alloys with high density.The final part presents the

关 键 词：激光增材制造 金属功能材料 形状记忆合金 同步辐射 原位X射线衍射 

分 类 号：TG139.6[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]