三像面增强现实式车载平视显示光学系统设计  

Optical System Design for Three-Image Planes Augmented Reality in Vehicle Head-Up Display

作　　者：王思婧 蒋世磊[1] 王波 张锦[1] 陈晓伟 和强 王少颖 弓旭航 Wang Sijing;Jiang Shilei;Wang Bo;Zhang Jin;Chen Xiaowei;He Qiang;Wang Shaoyin;Gong Xuhang(School of Opto-Electronical Engineering,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,Shaanci,China;Foryou Multimedia Electronics Co.,Ltd.,Huizhou 516005,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学光电工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]惠州市华阳多媒体电子有限公司,广东惠州516005

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2024年第10期182-189,共8页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

摘　　要：车载平视显示(HUD)系统是一种汽车辅助驾驶技术,它可以将车辆信息以可视化方式投影到驾驶员的前方视野。为了使驾驶员在行驶过程中在远、中、近不同的距离下都能通过HUD获取信息,采用双自由曲面离轴三反射系统,设计了一款虚像距离为10 m、7.5 m、3.5 m,对应的视场角为15°×5°、12°×3°、6°×1°的AR-HUD光路。该光路中,在虚像距离为3.5 m处的像面仅显示车速、油量等基本驾驶信息,为固定像面;在虚像距离为7.5 m和10 m处的像面显示辅助驾驶虚拟信息,其中10 m处的像面可以和实景相融合,且这两个像面会根据当前车辆与前方障碍物的距离切换,有效缓解驾驶员的视觉疲劳。三个距离中心眼点处的光斑均落于艾里斑之内,调制传递函数均接近衍射极限,网格畸变值均小于5%,动态畸变值均小于5′。The automotive head-up display(HUD)system is a type of driving assistance technology that visually projects vehicle information into the driver's frontal field of vision.To meet the diverse needs of drivers for accessing information at various distances-ranging from far to nearduring driving,we employ a dual free face-off three-reflection system to design an AR-HUD light path.This design facilitates virtual image distances of 10,7.5,and 3.5 m,accompanied by corresponding field-of-view angles of 15°X5°,12°X3°,and 6°X1°,respectively.In this setup,the optical path's image plane at the 3.5 m projection distance shows only essential driving information like speed and fuel level;it is a static image plane.At distances of 7.5 and 10 m,the image planes show additional information such as road conditions,navigation,and other auxiliary driving information.The image plane at a 10-m projection distance can seamlessly integrate virtual imagery with the actual road,with the two image planes dynamically switching based on the proximity to obstacles ahead,effectively alleviating visual fatigue in drivers.Notably,all three light spots at the eye point's center fall within Airy spots while achieving a modulation transfer function closely approaching the diffraction limit.Furthermore,the mesh distortion value is<5%,and the dynamic distortion value is<5'.

关 键 词：车载平视显示 自由曲面 三像面 光学设计 虚像距离 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]