新疆冬小麦耐低氮品种筛选与评价  

Screening and evaluation of low nitrogen tolerant varieties of winter wheat in Xinjiang

作　　者：曾天云 付凯勇 李俊华[1] 李春艳[1] 李诚[1] ZENG Tianyun;FU Kaiyong;LI Junhua;LI Chunyan;LI Cheng(Agricultural College of Shihezi University,The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Croup,Shihezi 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第3期40-48,共9页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860337,31860335);北方小麦化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范-绿洲小麦有机替代减施化肥技术集成研究与示范项目(2018YFD0200406);石河子大学动植物育种专项(YZZX202002,YZZX202103);石河子大学成果转化与技术推广计划-“冬小麦新品种SDWW7的中试与示范”项目(CGZH202101)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索建立新疆冬小麦氮素品种筛选评价指标,在生产上筛选推荐耐低氮品种,为新疆冬小麦耐低氮品种选育提供方法和材料依据。【方法】于2018~2019年度分别对新疆成功培育的21份冬小麦品种应用“饿氮法”进行耐低氮种质筛选,并应用隶属函数、主成分分析以及聚类分析等方法,对参试冬小麦品种耐低氮程度进行了评估。【结果】两年度连续测试结果表明,在不施氮肥和正常施氮的对比下,株高、蛋白含量均得到不同程度影响,其中蛋白含量敏感度为最高;主成分分析提出3个主要成分,平均贡献率依次为39.63%、19.22%、18.21%,累积贡献率达到了77.06%。【结论】低氮胁迫对冬小麦的产量与相关性状有较大影响,并根据冬小麦种质资源间耐氮程度的不同,结合以上分析方法,能准确评估新疆冬小麦种质资源耐低氮情况。【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the establishment of a screening and evaluation index for low nitrogen resistance in Xinjiang winter wheat.The goal was to select and recommend low nitrogen resistant varieties for production,providing a methodological and material basis for breeding low nitrogen resistant winter wheat varieties in Xinjiang.【Method】 In 2018 and 2019,21 winter wheat varieties in Xinjiang were screened for low nitrogen resistance.The low nitrogen tolerance of these varieties was evaluated using membership function,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis.【Result】 The results of two consecutive annual tests showed that plant height and protein content were the most sensitive traits under both nitrogen deficiency and normal nitrogen application.The three main components accounted for an average contribution rate of 39.63%,19.22%,and 18.21% respectively,with a cumulative contribution rate of 77.06%.【Conclusion】 Low nitrogen stress significantly affects the yield and related traits of winter wheat.The low nitrogen tolerance of Xinjiang winter wheat germplasm resources can be accurately assessed using the above analysis methods.Based on the different nitrogen tolerance levels of the germplasm resources,appropriate selection and breeding strategies can be implemented.

关 键 词：冬小麦 主成分分析 耐低氮品种 筛选评价 

分 类 号：S338[农业科学—作物遗传育种]