教育程度增加变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹的患病风险:一项基于欧洲患者全基因组关联研究的孟德尔随机化研究  

Educational attainment increases the risk of developing allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema:a Mendelian randomization study based on genome-wide association studies in European patients

作　　者：郑瑞[1,2,3] 刘子锋 陈壮桂[2,3,5] 黄雪琨[1,2,3] 冯佩英 邱惠军[1,3] 卢娅欣 陈静静[4] 张雅娜 张剑嵘 杨钦泰 Zheng Rui;Liu Zifeng;Chen Zhuanggui;Huang Xuekun;Feng Peiying;Qiu Huijun;Lu Yaxin;Chen Jingjing;Zhang Yana;Zhang Jianrong;Yang Qintai(Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Department of Allergy,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Key Laboratory of Airway Inflammatory Disease Research and Innovative Technology Translation,Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510630,China;Department of Clinical Data Center,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Department of Pediatrics,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Department of Dermatology,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510630,China;Melbourne Medical School,University of Melbourne,Melbourne,Victoria 3000,Australia)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第三医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科,广州510630 [2]中山大学附属第三医院变态反应(过敏)科,广州510630 [3]广州市气道炎性疾病研究与创新技术转化重点实验室,广州510630 [4]中山大学附属第三医院临床数据中心,广州510630 [5]中山大学附属第三医院儿科,广州510630 [6]中山大学附属第三医院皮肤科,广州510630 [7]墨尔本大学医学院,维多利亚州3000

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2024年第6期791-798,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82000958);广州市科技计划项目(2023A04J1093);广州市2022年青年科技人才托举工程项目(QT20220101319);国家自然科学基金区域联合项目(U20A20399);国家自然科学基金面上项目(82271148)。

摘　　要：目的采用孟德尔随机化(MR)方法探索教育程度与变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹患病风险之间的因果关系。方法对基于大样本全基因组关联研究(GWAS)的汇总数据进行二次数据分析,包括来自社会科学基因组学会联盟的293723例参与者(教育程度)和来自英国生物样本库的462013例参与者[变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹]。选择与教育程度密切相关的遗传位点作为工具变量,分别采用逆方差加权(IVW)、MR-Egger回归、加权中位数法和加权众数法进行两样本MR分析,以优势比(OR)评价教育程度与变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹的患病风险之间的因果关联。结果共纳入70个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)作为工具变量。MR-Egger回归结果显示,基因多效性不会对结果造成偏倚(P=0.107)。在单变量MR分析中,IVW结果显示,教育年限每增加1年或1个标准差(3.71年),患变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹的风险分别为OR=1.044(95%CI:1.020~1.069,P<0.001)和OR=1.170(95%CI:1.074~1.256,P<0.001)。在反向MR分析中,IVW未观察到变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹对教育年限的影响(OR=1.020,95%CI:0.927~1.023,P=0.683)。加权中位数法和加权众数法的结果与IVW的结果基本一致。结论教育程度与变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹患病风险之间存在正向因果关系,即教育程度升高会增加变应性鼻炎和(或)湿疹的患病风险。Objective To determine the causal relationship between educational attainment and the risk of allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema using Mendelian randomization(MR)analyses.Methods This study was a secondary data analysis based on the summary data of genome-wide association studies(GWAS),which involved 293723 participants(educational attainment)from the Social Science Genetics Association Consortium and 462013 participants[allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema]from the UK Biobank.Genetic variants that were closely related to educational attainment were identified as instrumental variables.Two-sample MR analyses,including inverse-variance weighted(IVW),MR-Egger regression,weighted median method and weighted model-based estimation,were performed to investigate the causal relationship between educational attainment and the risk of allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema,in which the odds ratio(OR)values were used as indicators.Results A total of 70 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were chosen as instrumental variables.The MR-Egger regression results suggested that the genetic pleiotropy was unlikely to bias our results(P=0.107).In the univariable MR analyses,IVW regression showed that the risk of allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema was OR=1.044(95%CI:1.020-1.069,P<0.001)and OR=1.170(95%CI:1.074-1.256,P<0.001),respectively,for the increase in the duration of education by one year or one standard deviation(SD)(3.71 years).In the reverse MR analysis,IVW regression showed little evidence that allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema affected educational attainment(OR=1.020,95%CI:0.927-1.023,P=0.683).The results of the weighted median method and weighted mode-based estimation were consistent with the results of IVW.Conclusion This study suggests that there is a positive causal relationship between educational attainment and the risk of allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema,which means that educational attainment can increase the occurrence of allergic rhinitis and(or)eczema.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 季节性 鼻炎 变应性 常年性 湿疹 教育 孟德尔随机化研究 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R758.23[医药卫生—临床医学]