颗粒湿法分级技术及氢氧化铝精准分级的研究进展  

Advances in wet particle size-grading technologies and precise grading of aluminum hydroxide

作　　者：皮溅清 王明理 杨汝意 张海东 任晓娜 黄青山[4,5,6] 李萍 Jianqing PI;Mingli WANG;Ruyi YANG;Haidong ZHANG;Xiaona REN;Qingshan HUANG;Ping LI(Guangxi Tiandong Jinxin Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Baise,Guangxi 533000,China;Cayman Aluminum(Sanmenxia)Co.,Ltd.,Management Headquarters,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310000,China;School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110819,China;Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China;Shandong Energy Institute,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China;Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]广西田东锦鑫化工有限公司,广西百色533000 [2]开曼铝业(三门峡)有限公司管理总部,浙江杭州310000 [3]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [4]中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所,山东青岛266101 [5]山东能源研究院,山东青岛266101 [6]青岛新能源山东省实验室,山东青岛266101 [7]青岛大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2024年第6期647-659,共13页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:22208357,21878318,U22A20425)。

摘　　要：随着电解铝行业的蓬勃发展,现代大型预焙电解槽和干法净化技术均需砂状氧化铝作为生产原料。但国内氧化铝企业生产多为中间状氧化铝或“准砂状”氧化铝,且颗粒粒度呈周期性变化,产品质量与世界先进水平差别较大,主要原因是原料差异及现有氢氧化铝颗粒分级技术不达标所致。因此,亟需研制高精准、高效率的氢氧化铝湿颗粒分级装置,实现大颗粒、较窄粒径的高质量砂状氧化铝(+80μm≥90%,-45μm<8%)生产。本工作首先对国内外常用的、规模化应用的湿法颗粒分级技术进行综述,对水力分级技术、湿法筛分技术及新型耦合分级技术进行分析,随后提出将水力分级与筛网分级相结合、可应用于氢氧化铝颗粒苛刻分级要求的新型“流化-筛分”精准分级方法,最后研制出可实现规模化连续生产的小试分级装置(3.3 m^(3)/h),且该方法通过了生产企业的现场侧线验证。该新型颗粒精准分级技术不仅有望在氧化铝行业实现节能减排、转型升级、降低生产成本并能取得显著经济效益,还可促进选矿、精细粉体行业的迅速发展,具有重要的实用和推广应用价值。With the booming development of the electrolytic aluminum industry,both modern large-scale prebaked aluminum reduction cells and dry purification technology require sandy alumina as the production raw material.However,domestic alumina enterprises mainly produce intermediate or"quasi-sand"alumina,and the particle size changes periodically.The product quality differs significantly from the world's advanced level,mainly due to differences in raw materials and substandard aluminum hydroxide particle screening technologies in the prior art.Therefore,it is urgent to develop a high-precision and high-efficiency wet particle classification device for aluminum hydroxide to produce high-quality sandy alumina with large and narrow particle size distribution(+80μm≥90%,-45μm<8%).The commonly employed and large-scale application of wet particle size-grading technologies in domestic and foreign countries are first reviewed.The performance of hydraulic classification,wet screening,and some new coupling classification technologies are analyzed.Then,a new particle grading method of fluidization followed by screening for precise grading of aluminum hydroxide particles is proposed by combining hydraulic classification and sieve screening.Finally,a small-scale grading device(3.3 m^(3)/h)capable of achieving large-scale continuous production is developed and passed the verification of on-site production siding in the production enterprise.This new type of precise particle classification technology is not only expected to realize energy conservation and emission reduction,transformation and upgrading,reduction of production costs,and significant economic benefits in the alumina industry but also promote the rapid development of mineral processing and fine powder industries,having some important and practical application and promotion values.

关 键 词：氢氧化铝 颗粒分级 砂状氧化铝 散式流态化 筛分 

分 类 号：TH3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]