皇室记忆及文化认同——木雅·绛央扎巴自传研究之一  

Royal Memory and Cultural Identity--One of the Autobiographic Studies of Mi-nyag vJam-dbyangs Grags-pa

作　　者：才让[1] 杨惠玲 Tshe Ring;YANG Hui-ling

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究院,兰州730030 [2]上海理工大学沪江学院,上海200093

出　　处：《中国藏学》2024年第2期1-7,211,共8页China Tibetology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(项目编号:31920230080)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：木雅·绛央扎巴的自传《利他阳光》所载大宝法王第五世噶玛巴·得银协巴内地之行的谈话,反映了得银协巴对明朝皇室的印象。他记忆中明朝皇室是佛教的信仰者和支持者,以“菩萨化身”等词汇来描述明朝皇室,属于藏传佛教语境中对皇室神圣性的表达方式。明朝对得银协巴的礼遇及对藏传佛教文化的重视,拉近了彼此在情感上的距离,产生了一种文化认同,并由此增强了西藏宗教界对明朝皇权的政治认同。绛央扎巴之所以乐于求问并记载明朝皇室之情况,同样反映了明朝皇帝的权威在藏地的影响力,说明明朝对藏传佛教实施的“多封众建”政策发挥了实际的效用。《利他阳光》类藏传佛教人物传记中含有丰富的内地与西藏之间交往交流交融的记载,值得进一步梳理和挖掘。Mi-nyag vJam-dbyangs Grags-pa's autobiography rNam-thar-gzhan-la-phan-pavi-nyi-mavi-vod-zer contains the conversations of the Fifth Karmapa De-bzhin gShegs-pa during his trip to the mainland,which reflects De-bzhin gShegs-pa's impression of the royal family of the Ming Dynasty.In his memory,the royal family of the Ming Dynasty were believers and supporters of Buddhism,and he desc;ribed the royal family of the Ming Dynasty with terms such as"Bodhisattva manifestation",which is an expression of the sanctity of the royal family in the context of Tibetan Buddhism.The Ming Dynasty's courteous treatment of De-bzhin gShegs-pa and its emphasis on Tibetan Buddhist culture narrowed the emotional distance between each other and created a cultural identity,which in turn enhanced the Tibetan religious circles'political identification with the Ming Dynasty's imperial power.The reason why vJam-dbyangs Grags-pa was willing to inquire about and record the situation of the royal family of the Ming Dynasty also reflects the influence of the Ming emperor's authority in Xizang,and shows that the Ming Dynasty's policy of"multiple feudal lords and many establishments"towards Tibetan Buddhism played an actual role.The biographies of Tibetan Buddhist figures such as the rNam-thargzhan-la-phan-pavi-nyi-mavi-vod-zer contain rich records of contacts,exchanges and integration between the mainland and Xizang,which are worthy of further sorting and excavation.

关 键 词：木雅·绛央扎巴 《利他阳光》 大宝法王 永乐皇帝 

分 类 号：B949.9[哲学宗教—宗教学]