《扎基寺志》与扎基拉姆信仰——兼论清代汉藏文化交流  

The Records of Grwa-bzhi Temple and the Grwa-bzhi lHa-mo Belief--Also on the Han-Tibetan Cultural Exchanges in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：米玛次仁[1] Mig-dmar Tshe-ring

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区社会科学院《西藏研究》编辑部,拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国藏学》2024年第2期19-26,212,共9页China Tibetology

基　　金：西藏自治区哲学社会科学专项资金一般项目“藏文史籍《贡塘寺志》译注与研究”(项目编号:23YBE21);2022年度西藏自治区社会科学院重点项目“汉藏佛教交流与铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究”阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：18世纪格鲁派高僧格吴仓·强巴敏朗撰写的《扎基寺志》,是研究位于拉萨北郊扎基寺(又称扎基万寿寺)历史和清代汉藏文化交往交流的重要资料之一。文章以《扎基寺志》为基础,结合相关资料梳理了扎基地方的历史沿革,特别是在论述修建扎基寺历史的同时,对“扎基拉姆”信仰文化的形成进行了分析梳理,认为扎基拉姆信仰作为汉藏文化交流的产物,其信仰可追溯至清代。扎基拉姆身份的多重性,除与藏传佛教神灵体系具备的开放性与灵活性等特征有关外,还与清代汉藏民族文化交往交流有着密切的关系,因此不难理解扎基拉姆何以作为藏传佛教护法神会被描述成来自中原地区。这种文化现象充分说明,汉藏民族交往交流交融历史源远流长。The Records of Grwa-bzhi Temple(Grwa bzhi brtan bzhugs dgon gsar bzhengs mdzad pavi dkar chag mgo brjod)written by Gevu-tshang Byams-pa sMon-lam,an eminent monk of the Gelug Sect in the 18th century,is one of the important information for the study of the history of Grwa-bzhi Temple(also known as Grwa-bzhi Wanshou Temple)located in the northern suburbs of Lhasa and the Han-Tibetan cultural exchanges in the Qing Dynasty.This article is based on the Records of Grwa-bzhi Temple and combines relevant materials to sort out the historical evolution of Grwa-bzhi place.In particular,while discussing the history of the construction of Grwabzhi Temple,it also analyzes and sorts out the formation of "Grwa-bzhi IHa-mo"belief culture,believes that the Grwa-bzhi IHa-mo belief is a product of Han-Tibetan cultural exchanges,and this belief can be traced back to the Qing Dynasty.The multiplicity of Grwa-bzhi IHa-mo's identity is not only related to the openness and flexibility of the Tibetan Buddhist deity system,but also closely related to the cultural exchanges between Han and Tibetan people in the Qing Dynasty.Therefore,it is not difficult to understand why Grwa-bzhi IHa-mo is described as being from the Central Plains region as a Tibetan Buddhist Dharma Protector.This cultural phenomenon fully demonstrates that the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups have a long history of contacts,exchanges and integration.

关 键 词：《扎基寺志》 扎基拉姆 扎基寺 汉藏文化交流 

分 类 号：B946.6[哲学宗教—宗教学]