新疆维吾尔自治区山地鼠疫疫源地鼠疫宿主体蚤群落结构与动物鼠疫流行强度相关性研究  

Study on the relationship between the community structure of ectoparasitic flea of plague host and the epidemic intensity of epizootic plague in the mountain plague foci in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

作　　者：魏文宇 孙静 李芳[1] 詹尚 赵国玉[2,3] 雒涛 吴海燕[2] 张渝疆 WEI Wen-yu;SUN Jing;LI Fang;ZHAN Shang;ZHAO Guo-yu;LUO Tao;WU Hai-yan;ZHANG Yu-jiang(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China;Disinfection and Infection Control Center/Institute for Emergency Rodent Control,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心/消毒与感染控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆病媒传染病重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2024年第3期343-348,共6页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81960369);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1200101)。

摘　　要：目的了解和分析新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)4类山地鼠疫自然疫源地主要宿主动物寄生蚤的群落结构与动物鼠疫流行的相关性及其对动物鼠疫流行的影响。方法采用群落生态学方法计算宿主体蚤群落的多样性、均匀度、优势度和丰富度4个群落生态学指标;采用Wilcoxon秩和检验和Kruskal-Wallis H检验分析蚤类群落结构差异性,采用Spearman秩相关检验分析蚤生态结构与宿主动物血清抗体阳性率间的相关性;采用主成分分析(PCA)方法提取生态学指标主成分,并将主成分纳入广义相加模型(GAM)与随机森林模型(RF),分析各主成分与动物鼠疫流行强度之间的关系。结果4类山地鼠疫疫源地宿主动物体蚤指数、染蚤率、蚤类多样性、丰富度、蚤群落均匀度和优势度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001),染蚤率、蚤指数、蚤类丰富度和多样性与宿主动物血清抗体阳性率存在正相关关系;广义相加模型分析显示宿主抗体阳性率与由蚤指数和染蚤率组成的主成分1(PC1)呈线性正相关关系(r_(s)=0.682,P<0.001;r_(s)=0.686,P<0.001;r_(s)=0.529,P<0.001;r_(s)=0.339,P=0.023),与蚤多样性和丰富度组成的主成分2(PC2)呈非线性关系;随机森林模型拟合结果显示PC1和PC2因子重要性得分分别为24.84和4.52分。结论新疆山地鼠疫疫源地蚤类种群存在丰富的多样性,主要宿主动物体蚤指数和染蚤率上升可增强动物鼠疫流行强度,蚤类多样性和物种丰富度对动物鼠疫流行有调节作用。Objective To under_(s)tand and analyze the relationship between the community structure of the main host animal ectoparasitic flea and the epidemic of epizootic plague and its influence on the epidemic of animal plague in four types of mountain plague natural foci in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang).Methods The community ecology method was used to calculate the diver_(s)ity,evenness,dominance and richness of the flea community.Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to analyze the community structure difference of flea,and Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between the ecological structure of flea and the positive rate of serum antibody of host animal.Principal component analysis was used to extract the principal components of ecological indicator_(s),and the principal components were incorporated into generalized addition model(GAM)and random forest model to analyze the relationship between the principal components and the epidemic intensity of animal plague.Results There were statistically significant differences in the ecological structure of the host active flea community in the four types of mountain plague focus(all P<0.001),and there were positive correlations between the flea infection rate,flea index,flea richness and diver_(s)ity and the positive rate of host active serum antibodies(r_(s)=0.682,P<0.001;r_(s)=0.686,P<0.001;r_(s)=0.529,P<0.001;r_(s)=0.339,P=0.023).GAM analysis showed that the positive rate of host antibody was linearly positively correlated with principal component 1(PC1),which consisted of flea index and flea infection rate,and nonlinearly correlated with principal component 2(PC2),which consisted of flea diver_(s)ity and abundance.The random forest model fitting results showed that the importance scores of PC1 and PC2 factor_(s)were 24.84 and 4.52,respectively.Conclusions The flea population in the mountainous plague foci of Xinjiang is rich in diver_(s)ity.The increase of flea index and flea infection rate may enhance the epidemic intensity of animal p

关 键 词：鼠疫 自然疫源地 蚤类群落 多样性 新疆 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R384.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]