2023年重庆市城市污水新冠病毒监测结果  

Monitoring results of SARS-CoV-2 in urban sewage in Chongqing city in 2023

作　　者：刘高敏 郑吉琴 陈瑶 唐文革[1,2] 李志峰 聂术君[1,2] Liu Gaomin;Zheng Jiqin;Chen Yao;Tang Wenge;Li Zhifeng;Nie Shujun(Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400707,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms,Chongqing Research Center for Disease Prevention and Public Health,Chongqing 400707,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400707 [2]重庆市疾病预防与公共卫生研究中心,高致病性病原微生物重庆市重点实验室,重庆400707

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2024年第3期294-298,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3041500);重庆市英才计划(cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0251)。

摘　　要：目的为了弥补传统大规模人群监测的不足,在新冠疫情爆发初期提供预警信号,重庆市自2023年起开展城市污水新冠病毒监测工作。方法新冠病毒"乙类乙管"后,选择了重庆主城4个区5个有自动样本采集设施的污水处理厂作为监测点,每周每个污水处理厂各采集2份污水,用铝盐沉淀法进行富集浓缩,应用多重实时荧光RT-PCR方法对新冠病毒进行检测和分析。结果2023年1月16日至12月31日累计监测城市污水496份,其中新冠病毒核酸检测阳性285份,总检出率57.46%。第3~5周、18~21周、40~47周新冠病毒检出率均为100.00%。城市污水中新冠病毒核酸浓度在第18周达到高峰,随后开始下降,进入低水平、波动流行期,污水监测新冠病毒核酸日均浓度与传染病监测系统显示的每日新增新冠感染者数、发热门诊新冠阳性检出率的变化趋势基本吻合。结论重庆市城市污水中新冠病毒的检出率较高,尤其是4~5月份,污水监测可以间接反映新冠病毒感染状况。Objective To offset the shortage of traditional large-scale population surveillance and provide early-warning signals in the early stage of the outbreak of COVID-19,people in Chongqing had carried out severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)monitoring since 2023.Methods After COVID-19 was managed with measures against Class B infectious diseases,we selected five sewage treatment plants with automatic sample collection facilities in four districts of the main city.Two samples of sewage from each sewage treatment plant were collected every week.Then SARS-CoV-2 from these samples was concentrated by aluminum hydroxide adsorption-precipitation,detected and analyzed by multiple real-time fluorescent RT-PCR.Results From January 16 to December 31 of 2023,a total of 496 sewage samples were monitored,of which 285 samples were positive by SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid assay,with a total detection rate of 57.46%.The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in weeks 3-5,18-21 and 40-47 was 100.00%.The daily mean nucleic acid concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage peaked in the 18th week,and then began to decline,entering a low level and fluctuated in epidemic period.The variable trend of daily mean concentration of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was basically consistent with daily number of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients or SARS-CoV-2 positive rate in fever clinic counted by infectious disease monitoring system.Conclusions The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage of Chongqing is relatively high,especially in April to May,and sewage monitoring can indirectly reflect the status of COVID-19 infection.

关 键 词：铝盐沉淀法 污水监测 新冠病毒 多重实时荧光RT-PCR 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]