重思《史学要论》在中国现代史学史上的地位——以中国史学社会科学化为视角  

Rethinking the Value of Essentials of Historiography in the Historiography of Modern China:From the Perspective of the Social Scientific Trend in Chinese Historiography

作　　者：李政君 Li Zhengjun

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院,北京100101

出　　处：《史学史研究》2024年第2期72-80,103,共10页Journal of Historiography

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“近代中国史家对唯物史观解释体系建构研究”(项目编号:23BZS118)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《史学要论》是五四时期中国史学社会科学化潮流下的作品之一。该书和当时史学社会科学化的主张者一起,突出了“解释”在历史研究中的重要性,将人们的史学观念从偏于史实叙述推向了偏重现象解释,这是对20世纪初“新史学”思潮的一次重要推进。而和当时史学社会科学化的主张者相比,《史学要论》不仅重视历史解释,而且找到了解释历史发展的核心要素,即“经济”;同时,该书在阐释历史学与其他社会科学的关系时,不仅关注它们的相近,更关注彼此的差异,其目的是分辨历史科学的特质,证明历史科学即历史理论存在的必要性,这表明《史学要论》具有更为明确的历史学本位意识。Essentials of Historiography is one of the works under the social scientific trend in Chinese historiography during the era of May Fourth Movement. With other achievements of the social scientific trend at that time, the book emphasized the importance of “interpretation” in historical research, and shifted people's historical ideas from narration to interpretation. This is a significant advancement of the “New Historiography” trend in the early 20~(th) century. Compared with the advocates of the social scientific trend, Li Dazhao, the author of Essentials of Historiography not only valued historical interpretation but also identified the core element in it, namely “economy”. At the same time, when explaining the relationship between historiography and other social sciences, Li paid attention to their similarities and differences, which aimed to elucidate the characteristics of historical science and prove the necessity of conclusion that historical science is historical theory. Essentials of History contains a clearer sense of historiography centrality.

关 键 词：李大钊 《史学要论》 历史科学 社会科学 解喻 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]