Biochar-compost-based controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer intended for an active microbial community  

作　　者：Robiul Islam RUBEL Lin WEI Salman ALANAZI Abdulkarim ALDEKHAIL Anne CMCIDREIRA Xufei YANG Sanjita WASTI Samarthya BHAGIA Xianhui ZHAO 

机构地区：[1]Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering,South Dakota State University,Brookings,SD 57007,USA [2]Tickle College of Engineering,University of Tennessee Knoxville,Knoxville,TN 37996,USA [3]Oak Ridge National Laboratory,Oak Ridge,TN 37830,USA

出　　处：《Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering》2024年第2期326-343,共18页农业科学与工程前沿（英文版）

基　　金：funding supports from the South Dakota Governor’s Office of Economic Development (POC2020-04);the USDA NIFA through the North Central Regional Sun Grant Center, and Hatch Projects (3AR652, 3AR689, and 3AH658) of the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station。

摘　　要：Nitrogen(N) fertilizers in agriculture suffer losses by volatilization of N to the air, surface runoff and leaching into the soil, resulting in low N use efficiency(NUE)( 50%) and raising severe environmental pollutions. Controlledrelease nitrogen fertilizers(CRNFs) can control the release of N nutrients to NUE in crop production. Different methods were used to develop new CRNFs.However, different CRNF technologies are still underdeveloped due to inadequate controlling on N releasing time and/or unsustainable diffusion. The study on the influences of CRNF processing parameters on microbial conditions are lacking when the CRNFs composed of various bio-ingredients such as biochar, composts, and biowaste. The complexity of processing methods, material biodegradability, and other physical properties make current CRNFs of questionable value in agricultural production. This research aims to develop a novel biochar-compost-based controlled-release urea fertilizer(BCRUF) to preserve microbial properties carried by the compost. The BCRUF was synthesized by pelletizing the 50:50(dry, wt/wt) mixture of biochar and compost. BCRUF was loaded with urea and then spray-coated with polylactic acid(PLA). The releasing time of two types of BCRUFs, coated and uncoated with PLA, for 80% of N release in water was up to 6 h at three different temperatures(4, 23, and 40 °C), compared to conventional urea fertilizer and commercial environmentally smart N(ESN) fertilizer. The releasing time of coated BCRUF for 80% N release in soil was up to 192 h(8 days). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) analysis revealed that no new functional groups were found in the release solution, indicating no new chemical hazards generated. The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)tests also verified that its thermal stability could be up to 160 °C. The microbe populations in the BCRUF pellets were reduced after the pelleting and drying processes in BCRUF fabrication, but a few bacteria can endure in the air-drying process. BCRUF pellets soaked in

关 键 词：Soil microbial community BIOCHAR COMPOST controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer polylactic acid spray coating 

分 类 号：S145[农业科学—肥料学]