恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病健康教育路径的临床研究  

Clinical study of the health education pathway for patients with malignant tumors complicated with diabetes mellitus

作　　者：刘朝霞 杨雄涛[1] 唐小丽[2] 王艳 赵琦 伍慧 LIU Zhao-xia;YANG Xiong-tao;TANG Xiao-li;WANG Yan;ZHAO Qi;WU Hui(General Internal Medicine,Sichuan Cancer Hospital,Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center,University of Electronic Science and Technology,Chengdu 610041,China;Comprehensive Special Needs,Sichuan Cancer Hospital,Sichuan Cancer Prevention and Control Center,University of Electronic Science and Technology,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省肿瘤医院·四川省癌症防治中心/电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院普通内科,四川成都610041 [2]四川省肿瘤医院·四川省癌症防治中心/电子科技大学附属肿瘤医院综合特需,四川成都610041

出　　处：《实用医院临床杂志》2024年第4期102-106,共5页Practical Journal of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：四川省科技厅科研基金资助项目(编号:2022YFS0269)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨健康教育路径在恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者中的应用。方法 选取2021年4月至2023年3月四川省肿瘤医院普通内科收治的恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者216例,其中2021年4月至2022年3月入院患者100例作为对照组,2022年4月至2023年3月入院患者116例作为干预组。对照组给予常规护理,干预组在对照组基础上联合健康教育路径表,使用糖尿病自我管理及障碍问卷(PDQ)进行测评与分析,比较两组患者入院及出院时的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、体重和两组患者入院、出院、出院后一个月时的自我管理行为。结果 两组患者在出院及出院后一个月自我管理行为较入院时均有改善,干预组PDQ评分项目中的饮食知识与技能、膳食决策较对照组明显提高(P<0.05),饮食问题以及饮食、运动、血糖监测障碍较对照组明显下降(P<0.05),出院时干预组体重无明显下降,对照组下降明显(P<0.05);两组患者空腹及餐后2 h血糖均达标,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者在实施健康教育路径后取得较好的效果,明显提高了患者自我管理行为,对肿瘤患者治疗期间稳定体重有不可忽视的作用,是一项有效的干预方法,值得临床推广。Objective To explore the application of health education in patients with malignant tumor and diabetes.Methods From April 2021 to March 2023,216 patients with malignant tumor and diabetes in hospital were selected.Among them,100 patients admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to March 2022 were selected as a control group,and 116 patients admitted from April 2022 to March 2023 were selected as an intervention group.The control group received routine care.The intervention group was combined with the health education roadmap based on the control group.Diabetes self-control and obstruction questionnaire(PDQ)was used for evaluation and analysis.The admission and discharge of fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose,body weight and patient's self-management behavior at admission,discharge,and one month after discharge were compared between the two groups.Results The self-control behavior of both groups was improved at discharge and afer one month of discharge.However,dietary knowledge and skills and dietary decision-making of PDQ scoring in the intervention group was much higher than those in the control group(P<O.05).Dietary issues and disorders in diet,exercise,and blood glucose monitoring of PDQ score in the intervention group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).At discharge,there was no significant decrease in the body weight in the intervention group but the control group had significant weight loss(P<0.05).The fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels of both groups of patients met the standard,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions The patients with diabetes complicated with malignant tumor achieved good results after implementing health education.It significantly improves their self-management behavior.It also plays an important role in stabilizing their weight during the treatment of cancer.This is an effective intervention method and worthy of clinical promotion.

关 键 词：健康教育路径 恶性肿瘤 2型糖尿病 自我管理 体重 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]