大推力液氧甲烷火箭发动机技术研究进展  

Research progress in high thrust liquid oxygen methane rocket engine technology

作　　者：谭永华[1] TAN Yonghua(Academy of Aerospace Propulsion Technology,Xi'an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]航天推进技术研究院,西安710100

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第11期1-13,I0002,共14页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：液体火箭发动机技术重点实验室基金(614270419)。

摘　　要：液氧甲烷具有来源丰富、冷却性能好、燃烧温度低、不易结焦和积炭等优势,在可重复使用发动机上具有广阔的应用前景,从而使得高性能大推力液氧甲烷火箭发动机成为未来深空探测等重大航天任务的热点研究方向。通过计算对比分析了以液氧甲烷、液氧煤油和液氧液氢为推进剂的3种发动机性能参数的优劣性,结果表明大推力液氧甲烷火箭发动机在可重复使用一级主动力发动机上具有优势。总结了国内外大推力液氧甲烷火箭发动机的研制历程,论述了大推力液氧甲烷火箭发动机研制所涉及到的六大关键技术和中国在各项技术上的研制进展,相应地提出了中国发展大推力液氧甲烷火箭发动机亟待解决的主要问题,展望了未来中国可重复使用大推力液氧甲烷火箭发动机实现工程应用的前景。Liquid oxygen and methane,with its many advantages such as having rich sources and low temperature of combustion,exhibiting good cooling performance,and being hard to coke with litle carbon accumulation,has broad application prospects in reusable engines,making high-performance and high thrust liquid oxygen methane rocket en-gines a hot research direction for major aerospace tasks such as deep space exploration in the future.The performance parameters of liquid oxygen methane,liquid oxygen kerosene,and liquid oxygen liquid hydrogen propellants are calculated and compared,and results show that high thrust liquid oxygen methane rocket engines are superior in reusable primary propulsion engines.This paper summarizes the development process of high thrust liquid oxygen methane rocket engines at home and abroad,and introduces the six key technologies involved in the development of high thrust liquid oxygen methane rocket engines and the development progress of various technologies in China.Correspondingly,the main problems that urgently need to be solved in the development of high thrust liquid oxygen meth-ane rocket engines in China are identified.The future engineering applications of reusable high thrust liquid oxygen methane rocket engines in China are discussed.

关 键 词：液氧甲烷火箭发动机 大推力 高性能 可重复使用 深空探测 

分 类 号：V434[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]