数字普惠金融与出口比较优势提升  

Digital Financial Inclusion and The improvement of Export Comparative Advantage

作　　者：杨慧梅 朱维超 YANG Huimei;ZHU Weichao

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学经济学院

出　　处：《世界经济研究》2024年第6期75-89,M0003,共16页World Economy Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字普惠金融对出口贸易高质量发展的影响研究”(批准号:23CJL016)。

摘　　要：继续发挥出口对经济的支撑作用,是当下加快建设贸易强国的关键。文章运用2011~2020年中国海关数据与北京大学数字普惠金融指数,就数字普惠金融赋能出口比较优势问题展开理论与实证分析。文章研究发现,数字普惠金融的发展能够显著促进出口比较优势的提升,特别是数字金融覆盖广度和使用深度的提高对出口比较优势的提升作用更为明显。从作用机制看,数字普惠金融的发展从生产、市场两个维度提升出口比较优势,生产层面表现为出口产品的价格降低和质量提升,市场层面表现为出口产品需求水平的提升和市场覆盖范围的扩大。异质性分析表明,数字普惠金融更大程度地促进了非优势出口产品、中高科技含量制成品、东部地区、新基建发达地区及中小微企业出口比较优势的提升。文章的研究对于深化数字普惠金融发展,强化出口比较优势进而推动贸易强国建设具有重要启示。Continuing to play the supporting role of exports to the economy is the key to accelerating the construction of a trade power.Based on the data of China Customs and the Digital Financial Inclusion Index of Peking University from 2011 to 2020,this paper carries out theoretical and empirical analysis on the comparative advantage of digital financial inclusion enabling exports.It is found that the development of digital financial inclusion can significantly promote the improvement of export comparative advantage,especially the improvement of coverage breadth and depth of use of digital finance can significantly improve export comparative advantage.From the perspective of the mechanism of action,the development of digital financial inclusion improves the comparative advantage of exports from the two dimensions of production and market,the production level is reflected in the price reduction and quality improvement of export products,and the market level is reflected in the improvement of the demand level of export products and the expansion of market coverage.Further,heterogeneity analysis shows that digital financial inclusion has promoted the export comparative advantages of non-advantageous export products,medium and high-tech manufactured products,eastern regions,regions with developed new infrastructure,medium,small and micro firms to a greater extent.The research of this paper has important implications for deepening the development of digital financial inclusion,strengthening the comparative advantage of exports and promoting the construction of a trade power.

关 键 词：数字普惠金融 出口比较优势 制成品 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易] F49[经济管理—产业经济] F832