基于文献的叶菜类蔬菜施肥现状分析  

Literature Based Analysis of Fertilization Status for Leafy Vegetables

作　　者：李书田[1] LI Shutian(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第7期6-15,共10页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200103)。

摘　　要：利用文献资料分析了我国主要叶菜类蔬菜的施肥现状和施肥效应,阐述了叶菜类蔬菜上氮、磷、钾推荐施肥量,施肥效应包括相对产量、增产量、增产率、产量反应和养分的农学效率。影响叶菜类蔬菜产量的限制因子主要是氮,其次为钾,而后为磷。叶菜类蔬菜推荐施肥比农民习惯施肥减少氮、磷肥用量,适当增加钾肥用量,但却增加了产量。因此,在叶菜类蔬菜上合适的推荐施肥方法是实现节肥增效的有效途径。This study analyzed the current fertilization status and fertilization effects on major leafy vegetables in China based on literature.The rates of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium recommendation and the fertilization effects including the relative yield,the yield increase,the yield increase rate,the yield response,and agronomic efficiency of nutrients were discussed.The limiting factors affecting leafy vegetable yield are mainly nitrogen,followed by potassium,and then phosphorus.Recommended fertilization in leafy vegetables reduced the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer,increased the amount of potassium fertilizer,while increased the yield compared to conventional fertilization used by farmers.Therefore,suitable fertilizer recommendation method for leafy vegetables is an effective way to save fertilizer and improve efficiency.

关 键 词：叶菜类蔬菜 施肥现状 施肥效应 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]