不同丝瓜砧木嫁接对苦瓜产量品质及抗病性的影响  

Effects of Different Loofah Rootstock Grafting on the Yield,Quality and Disease Resistance of Balsam Pear

作　　者：林永胜[1] 陈阳[1] LIN Yongsheng;CHEN Yang(Crop Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350003,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所,福建福州350003

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第7期86-91,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：福建省科技计划省属公益项目-苦瓜枯萎病抗病育种研究与应用(2023R1102)。

摘　　要：针对多年连作导致苦瓜土传病害危害严重的问题,通过对17个丝瓜砧木品种与苦瓜接穗如玉178进行嫁接栽培试验,研究不同丝瓜砧木对接穗苦瓜亲和性、生长势、抗病性、产量及品质的影响。结果表明:不同丝瓜砧木嫁接均能明显降低苦瓜枯萎病发病率,其产量均显著优于自根苗,不同砧木嫁接对接穗苦瓜果实的水分、蛋白质、粗纤维、VC含量等有不同影响。通过对不同嫁接砧木处理农艺性状指标与苦瓜产量进行相关性分析,产量与茎粗、主蔓长、瓜长、瓜横径、单瓜质量存在极显著正相关。综合各性状分析结果,砧木-17、砧木-15在亲和性、产量、品质抗病性等方面表现良好,适宜作为苦瓜嫁接砧木进行示范推广。In view of the serious harm of soil-transmission diseases of bitter gourd caused by years of continuous work,the effects of different loofah rootstock on the affinity,growth potential,disease resistance,yield and quality of spike balsam pear were studied through grafting cultivation experiments on 17 loofah rootstock varieties and bitter gourd spikes such as‘Ruyu 178’.The results show that different loofah rootstock grafting can obviously reduce the incidence of bitter gourd wilt,and its yield is significantly better than that of self-rooted seedlings.The overall impact of different rootstock grafting on the water,protein,coarse fiber,VC,etc.,of the spike balsam pear fruit is have varying degrees.Through the analysis of the correlation between the agronomic traits of different grafted rootstock treatments and the yield of balsam pear,there is a very significant positive correlation between yield and stem coarse stem,main creep,melon length,melon transverse diameter and single melon quality.Based on the analysis results of various traits,the rootstock-17 and rootstock-15 perform well in affinity,yield,quality and disease resistance,which is suitable for demonstration and popularization as balsam pear grafting rootstock.

关 键 词：苦瓜 砧木 产量 品质 抗病性 

分 类 号：S642.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]