劳动力外流背景下农业社会化服务的农户收入效应研究  

Study on Farmer Income Effects of Agricultural Socialized Services under the Background of Labor Outflow

作　　者：詹绍菓 宦梅丽 Zhan Shaoguo;Huan Meili(Institute of Chinese Borderland Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;China Institute for Rural Studies,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院中国边疆研究所,北京100101 [2]清华大学中国农村研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《当代经济管理》2024年第9期38-47,共10页Contemporary Economic Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“粮食收储制度市场化改革研究”(18CJY035);中国社会科学院青年科研启动项目“规模经营实现中农业社会化服务的‘双重效应’研究”(2022YQNQD033)。

摘　　要：推动农民增收是全面推进乡村振兴战略,加快农业农村现代化的重要任务,农业社会化服务作为农业经营体系变革的重要内容,其能否及如何促进农户增收,在学术界尚未形成一致定论。文章基于中国13个省份的132个村庄1 385份农户问卷调查数据,通过构建一个包含农业社会化服务识别工具的中介效应模型,实证分析农业社会化服务对农户收入的影响以及劳动力非农转移在其中发挥的中介效应。研究表明,农户采用农业社会化服务会显著促进劳动力非农转移,由此造成两方面的农户收入效应:一方面,劳动力非农转移会直接促进非农业收入的增长;另一方面,农业社会化服务可以在生产效率方面弥补农业劳动力减少对农业收入造成的不利影响,实现农业收入增长。同时,在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古等边疆地区和非边疆地区,农业社会化服务的农户收入效应存在异质性。现阶段我国距离农业规模经济还存在较大差距,发展农业社会化服务成为推动小农户与现代农业有机衔接、促进农户增收的重要路径。由此,应重视农业社会化服务薄弱环节的发展,为劳动力非农转移创造空间并提供配套支持,从而更好地促进农民增收。Promoting the farmer’s income is an important task to comprehensively promote the strategy of rural revitalization and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.As an important part of the reform of the farming system,the academia has not reached a consensus on whether and how it promotes the farmers’income.Based on a survey data set with 1385 farmer households in China,this study constructs a mediating effect model to conduct an analysis of the impacts of agricultural socialized services on farmer households’income,as well as the mediating effects of labor migration.The results show that the adoption of agricultural socialized services by farmers will significantly promote the non-agricultural labor transfer,resulting in two aspects of farmer’s income effects.On the one hand,labor transfer will directly increase non-agricultural income;on the other hand,agricultural socialized services can make up for the negative impacts of the reduction of agricultural labor force on agricultural income in terms of production efficiency,and achieve the growth of agricultural net income.Meanwhile,the farmer household income effects of agricultural socialized services are heterogeneous between farmer households in border areas such as Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning,Inner Mongolia,and those in non-border areas.At present,there is still a significant gap in China’s agricultural economies of scale.Developing socialized agricultural services has become an important way to promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture,and to increase farmers’income.Therefore,attention should be paid to the weak links in the development of agricultural socialized services,creating space for labor transfer,providing supporting facilities,and better promoting the increase of farmers’income.At present,there is still a significant gap between China and the scale economy of agriculture.Developing socialized agricultural services has become an important path to promote the organic connection between

关 键 词：农业社会化服务 非农收入 农业收入 劳动力非农转移 中介效应 

分 类 号：F325[经济管理—产业经济]