土壤微塑料污染和农业安全:来源、影响和去除  

Soil microplastic contamination and agricultural safety:sources,effects and removal

作　　者：张永江 陈洪敏 吴丽君 潘小丽 肖艳平 ZHANG Yongjiang;CHEN Hongmin;WU Lijun;PAN Xiaoli;XIAO Yanping(Department of Environment and Quality Test,Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College,Chongqing 401220,China;Ecological Environmental Monitoring Station of Jiangjin District in Chongqing,Chongqing 402260,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆化工职业学院,重庆401220 [2]重庆市江津区生态环境监测站,重庆402260

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期31-43,共13页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202304505,KJQN202104501)。

摘　　要：土壤中广泛存在的微塑料可以通过影响农业产物品质的方式来对人体健康造成危害。为此,分析了土壤中微塑料的主要来源途径(地膜的使用、污水的灌溉、有机肥的施用以及大气的沉降),探究了微塑料污染对农业生产的影响,主要包括影响农业作物(粮食作物、经济作物等)、干扰农业动物(陆生动物和水生动物)以及破坏土壤健康(土壤结构、理化性质、微生物等),讨论了缓解土壤微塑料污染的方式(减少土壤微塑料输入、增强土壤微塑料去除、加快可降解塑料的替代)及未来可研究的工作。The widespread presence of microplastics in soil can be harmful to human health by affecting the quality of agricultural products.Therefore,the main source pathways of microplastics in soil(use of mulch film,sewage irrigation,application of organic fertilizers,and atmospheric deposition)is analyzed,the impacts of microplastic pollution on agricultural production is explored,which mainly include affecting crops(food crops,cash crops,etc.),disturbing agricultural animals(terrestrial and aquatic animals),and destroying the health of the soil(soil structure,physicochemical properties,and microorganisms,etc.).The approaches for mitigating the microplastic contamination of soil(reducing the input of microplastics into the soil,enhancing the removal of microplastics from the soil,and speeding up the substitution of biodegradable plastics)is discussed as well as the work of the future research.

关 键 词：微塑料 农业生产 土壤污染 农业安全 人体健康 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]